Iran vs Italy: Electricity Compared
Iran generated 398 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Italy 266 TWh, according to Ember. Gas was the largest source in both, at 88.3% in Iran and 47.3% in Italy. Each kWh generated emitted 658 gCO2/kWh in Iran and 284 gCO2/kWh in Italy. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.
Key Facts
- Gas supplied 88.3% of Iran's electricity in 2025, against 47.3% in Italy.
- Iran's electricity was 2.3 times as carbon intensive as Italy's in 2025, at 658 gCO2/kWh against 284 gCO2/kWh.
- Carbon intensity rose 4% in Iran between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 15% in Italy.
- Low carbon sources supplied 5.9% of Iran's electricity in 2025 and 48.8% of Italy's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 397 TWh in Iran and 313 TWh in Italy.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Iran | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 398 TWh | 266 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 397 TWh | 313 TWh |
| Demand per person | 4.28 MWh | 5.27 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 658 gCO2/kWh | 284 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 262 MtCO2 | 75.6 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 5.9% | 48.8% |
| Largest source | Gas 88.3% | Gas 47.3% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | Iran | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 88.3% | 47.3% |
| Solar | 0.2% | 16.8% |
| Hydro | 3.5% | 15.8% |
| Wind | 0.3% | 8.1% |
| Bioenergy | 0.0% | 5.9% |
| Other fossil | 5.7% | 2.6% |
| Other renewables | 0.0% | 2.3% |
| Nuclear | 1.8% | 0.0% |
| Coal | 0.2% | 1.3% |
Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Iran | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 577 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1986 | 568 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1987 | 561 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1988 | 565 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1989 | 597 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1990 | 599 gCO2/kWh | 564 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 625 gCO2/kWh | 534 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 595 gCO2/kWh | 527 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 592 gCO2/kWh | 518 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 629 gCO2/kWh | 518 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 619 gCO2/kWh | 542 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 619 gCO2/kWh | 525 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 645 gCO2/kWh | 520 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 641 gCO2/kWh | 520 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 659 gCO2/kWh | 501 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 667 gCO2/kWh | 502 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 668 gCO2/kWh | 499 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 652 gCO2/kWh | 523 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 649 gCO2/kWh | 523 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 642 gCO2/kWh | 511 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 636 gCO2/kWh | 510 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 625 gCO2/kWh | 507 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 631 gCO2/kWh | 505 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 662 gCO2/kWh | 485 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 667 gCO2/kWh | 459 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 661 gCO2/kWh | 446 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 654 gCO2/kWh | 446 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 648 gCO2/kWh | 438 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 634 gCO2/kWh | 399 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 644 gCO2/kWh | 379 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 651 gCO2/kWh | 399 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 642 gCO2/kWh | 390 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 642 gCO2/kWh | 393 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 658 gCO2/kWh | 367 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 605 gCO2/kWh | 351 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 630 gCO2/kWh | 334 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 658 gCO2/kWh | 339 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 651 gCO2/kWh | 378 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 638 gCO2/kWh | 323 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 643 gCO2/kWh | 281 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 658 gCO2/kWh | 284 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Iran | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a | n/a |
| 1988 | n/a | n/a |
| 1989 | n/a | n/a |
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 1.79 MWh | 5.49 MWh |
| 2001 | 1.89 MWh | 5.59 MWh |
| 2002 | 2.04 MWh | 5.71 MWh |
| 2003 | 2.21 MWh | 5.84 MWh |
| 2004 | 2.32 MWh | 5.83 MWh |
| 2005 | 2.46 MWh | 5.88 MWh |
| 2006 | 2.63 MWh | 5.97 MWh |
| 2007 | 2.71 MWh | 5.96 MWh |
| 2008 | 2.76 MWh | 5.90 MWh |
| 2009 | 2.85 MWh | 5.53 MWh |
| 2010 | 3.00 MWh | 5.66 MWh |
| 2011 | 2.94 MWh | 5.70 MWh |
| 2012 | 3.04 MWh | 5.59 MWh |
| 2013 | 3.12 MWh | 5.41 MWh |
| 2014 | 3.31 MWh | 5.28 MWh |
| 2015 | 3.36 MWh | 5.38 MWh |
| 2016 | 3.39 MWh | 5.34 MWh |
| 2017 | 3.54 MWh | 5.46 MWh |
| 2018 | 3.58 MWh | 5.47 MWh |
| 2019 | 3.58 MWh | 5.46 MWh |
| 2020 | 3.77 MWh | 5.16 MWh |
| 2021 | 3.95 MWh | 5.50 MWh |
| 2022 | 4.03 MWh | 5.42 MWh |
| 2023 | 4.14 MWh | 5.26 MWh |
| 2024 | 4.30 MWh | 5.37 MWh |
| 2025 | 4.28 MWh | 5.27 MWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.