Country Electricity Explorer: Pick Any Two Measures
This explorer plots 213 countries on any two of 10 electricity measures, using Ember's annual statistics (each country at its own latest year, through 2025); the default view puts demand per person across and carbon intensity up for 155 countries. In that view the correlation is r = +0.03, a very weak link, and the rank correlation is +0.04. Among countries generating at least 10 TWh, Norway has the highest demand per person (24.5 MWh/person) and Turkmenistan the highest carbon intensity (1,306 gCO2/kWh).
Key Facts, 2025
- 213 countries have an Ember generation total, each plotted at its own latest year (through 2025).
- The explorer offers 10 measures: electricity generation, demand per person, carbon intensity, low carbon share, solar and wind share, coal share, fossil share, power sector CO2 per person, generation growth over 5 years and net imports share of demand.
- 54 countries generate under 1 TWh a year; they are in the data table and hidden from the chart by default.
- Across 155 countries, demand per person and carbon intensity have a correlation of r = +0.03 (very weak), with a rank correlation of +0.04.
- Norway had the highest demand per person among countries generating at least 10 TWh: 24.5 MWh/person in 2025.
- Turkmenistan had the highest carbon intensity among countries generating at least 10 TWh: 1,306 gCO2/kWh in 2024.
- Ethiopia had the lowest carbon intensity among countries generating at least 10 TWh: 23 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- China generated the most electricity, 10,506 TWh in 2025.
Plot Any Two Measures
213 countries, Ember annual, each at its latest year through 2025 Try
Continents, click to hide or show
Demand per person (across) against carbon intensity (up): 155 countries drawn.
Across the 155 drawn: correlation r = +0.03 (very weak), rank correlation +0.04.
Bubble area grows with generation, with a minimum size so small grids stay visible. Each country is at its own latest Ember year. Use the arrow keys on a focused bubble to move between countries and Enter to open its page.
Show the data table (213 countries, 10 measures)
| Country | Year | Generation (TWh) | Demand per person (MWh) | Carbon intensity (gCO2/kWh) | Low carbon (%) | Solar and wind (%) | Coal (%) | Fossil (%) | CO2 per person (kg) | Growth, 5 years (%) | Net imports (% of demand) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | 2025 | 10,506 | 7.46 | 528 | 41.1 | 21.9 | 54.8 | 58.9 | 3,948 | +35.6% | -0.2% |
| United States | 2025 | 4,520 | 13.06 | 384 | 43.0 | 18.9 | 16.3 | 57.0 | 5,007 | +11.8% | +0.3% |
| India | 2025 | 2,080 | 1.42 | 671 | 26.6 | 14.4 | 70.9 | 73.4 | 952 | +33.2% | +0.1% |
| Russia | 2025 | 1,194 | 8.17 | 450 | 35.7 | 0.6 | 18.4 | 64.3 | 3,725 | +10.0% | -1.4% |
| Japan | 2025 | 1,030 | 8.37 | 477 | 32.7 | 11.1 | 32.1 | 67.3 | 3,996 | +1.9% | 0.0% |
| Brazil | 2025 | 752 | 3.58 | 110 | 88.7 | 27.6 | 2.3 | 11.3 | 387 | +19.6% | +1.5% |
| Canada | 2025 | 652 | 16.09 | 191 | 77.0 | 9.5 | 4.0 | 23.0 | 3,101 | -0.5% | -1.1% |
| South Korea | 2025 | 625 | 12.09 | 417 | 39.9 | 6.6 | 31.1 | 60.1 | 5,043 | +8.2% | 0.0% |
| France | 2025 | 574 | 7.15 | 41 | 94.9 | 14.4 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 352 | +8.9% | -19.5% |
| Indonesia | 2025 | 528 | n/a | 705 | 15.8 | 0.4 | 69.4 | 84.2 | n/a | +81.0% | +0.2% |
| Germany | 2025 | 497 | 6.19 | 334 | 58.5 | 44.7 | 21.0 | 41.5 | 1,990 | -12.3% | +3.8% |
| Saudi Arabia | 2024 | 455 | 13.39 | 692 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 97.8 | 9,266 | +20.1% | -0.0% |
| Iran | 2025 | 398 | 4.28 | 658 | 5.9 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 94.1 | 2,824 | +18.1% | -0.3% |
| Mexico | 2025 | 357 | 2.70 | 474 | 25.9 | 13.4 | 3.1 | 74.1 | 1,281 | +9.6% | -0.1% |
| Turkey | 2025 | 354 | 4.01 | 476 | 43.3 | 21.7 | 34.3 | 56.7 | 1,919 | +17.2% | -0.6% |
| Vietnam | 2025 | 311 | 3.09 | 464 | 45.3 | 12.0 | 48.3 | 54.7 | 1,417 | +27.0% | +1.1% |
| United Kingdom | 2025 | 293 | 4.62 | 218 | 64.2 | 36.0 | 0.1 | 35.8 | 950 | -5.5% | +5.8% |
| Taiwan | 2025 | 289 | 12.50 | 634 | 13.5 | 9.8 | 36.2 | 86.5 | 7,926 | +3.1% | 0.0% |
| Spain | 2025 | 288 | 5.75 | 154 | 74.7 | 42.3 | 0.3 | 25.3 | 923 | +11.0% | -4.6% |
| Australia | 2025 | 287 | 10.63 | 525 | 38.7 | 33.4 | 42.7 | 61.3 | 5,577 | +8.2% | 0.0% |
| Italy | 2025 | 266 | 5.27 | 284 | 48.8 | 24.9 | 1.3 | 51.2 | 1,274 | -3.9% | +15.0% |
| Egypt | 2025 | 246 | 2.06 | 563 | 13.0 | 6.9 | 0.0 | 87.0 | 1,167 | +23.7% | -0.6% |
| South Africa | 2025 | 243 | 3.66 | 699 | 17.8 | 12.7 | 81.4 | 82.2 | 2,622 | +0.8% | -2.5% |
| Malaysia | 2025 | 210 | 5.56 | 606 | 20.4 | 3.2 | 44.9 | 79.6 | 3,386 | +20.9% | -0.6% |
| Thailand | 2025 | 188 | 3.14 | 546 | 16.6 | 7.1 | 17.8 | 83.4 | 1,434 | +1.4% | +16.4% |
| United Arab Emirates | 2024 | 177 | 16.05 | 468 | 31.7 | 8.7 | 0.0 | 68.3 | 7,514 | +28.0% | -0.1% |
| Poland | 2025 | 172 | 4.55 | 591 | 31.3 | 25.2 | 50.6 | 68.8 | 2,674 | +9.7% | +0.5% |
| Pakistan | 2025 | 171 | 0.70 | 308 | 61.0 | 23.6 | 14.5 | 39.0 | 215 | +26.2% | +0.3% |
| Sweden | 2025 | 170 | 12.83 | 35 | 98.8 | 25.4 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 565 | +4.1% | -24.6% |
| Norway | 2025 | 161 | 24.50 | 28 | 99.0 | 8.8 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 800 | +4.2% | -16.5% |
| Argentina | 2025 | 153 | 3.54 | 342 | 41.6 | 15.5 | 0.7 | 58.4 | 1,142 | +5.9% | +5.7% |
| Iraq | 2024 | 150 | 3.41 | 683 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 98.4 | 2,224 | +30.0% | +4.5% |
| Netherlands | 2025 | 135 | 6.60 | 254 | 54.2 | 46.1 | 7.1 | 45.8 | 1,868 | +10.7% | -11.6% |
| Kazakhstan | 2025 | 124 | 6.05 | 806 | 14.9 | 6.4 | 53.8 | 85.1 | 4,782 | +13.9% | +1.9% |
| Philippines | 2025 | 123 | 1.05 | 595 | 23.3 | 3.6 | 58.7 | 76.7 | 625 | +21.0% | 0.0% |
| Ukraine | 2022 | 112 | 2.72 | 251 | 72.2 | 5.8 | 20.9 | 27.8 | 679 | -28.5% | +0.3% |
| Bangladesh | 2025 | 103 | 0.67 | 696 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 21.5 | 97.9 | 409 | +20.9% | +12.4% |
| Algeria | 2024 | 96.4 | 2.01 | 633 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 98.9 | 1,306 | +18.1% | -2.7% |
| Colombia | 2025 | 91.0 | 1.72 | 190 | 76.5 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 23.5 | 326 | +17.0% | +0.3% |
| Kuwait | 2025 | 89.2 | 17.75 | 635 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 97.7 | 11,266 | +19.5% | 0.0% |
| Chile | 2025 | 88.5 | 4.46 | 291 | 66.4 | 38.1 | 17.8 | 33.6 | 1,296 | +5.9% | 0.0% |
| Uzbekistan | 2025 | 86.7 | 2.42 | 1,000 | 19.4 | 12.1 | 6.6 | 80.6 | 2,341 | +30.3% | +3.3% |
| Finland | 2025 | 82.2 | 15.62 | 57 | 96.4 | 28.6 | 0.2 | 3.6 | 838 | +18.7% | +6.3% |
| Israel | 2025 | 82.1 | 7.95 | 493 | 16.9 | 16.7 | 3.4 | 83.1 | 4,249 | +12.9% | -8.5% |
| Venezuela | 2024 | 80.1 | 2.82 | 86 | 91.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.9 | 242 | -5.9% | 0.0% |
| Czechia | 2025 | 75.4 | 6.42 | 401 | 59.3 | 6.6 | 35.2 | 40.8 | 2,859 | -5.8% | -10.9% |
| Austria | 2025 | 73.1 | 8.49 | 117 | 83.6 | 25.3 | 0.0 | 16.4 | 938 | +5.9% | +5.3% |
| Belgium | 2025 | 72.0 | 6.83 | 126 | 74.6 | 33.1 | 0.0 | 25.9 | 725 | -18.4% | +15.7% |
| Switzerland | 2025 | 65.0 | 7.26 | 39 | 97.7 | 12.4 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 283 | -5.1% | +0.1% |
| Peru | 2025 | 60.5 | 1.75 | 238 | 63.6 | 6.6 | 0.0 | 36.4 | 417 | +14.2% | 0.0% |
| Singapore | 2025 | 60.1 | 10.30 | 497 | 5.5 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 94.5 | 5,095 | +13.3% | +0.5% |
| Greece | 2025 | 57.9 | 5.57 | 325 | 47.7 | 40.6 | 4.8 | 52.3 | 1,908 | +21.8% | -5.5% |
| Qatar | 2025 | 57.2 | 18.03 | 582 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 96.0 | 10,491 | +15.7% | 0.0% |
| Oman | 2025 | 52.8 | 9.62 | 544 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 0.0 | 95.5 | 5,238 | +38.3% | 0.0% |
| Laos | 2024 | 52.3 | 2.01 | 232 | 76.7 | 0.2 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 1,563 | +67.4% | -235.1% |
| Portugal | 2025 | 51.1 | 5.80 | 128 | 80.9 | 44.1 | 0.0 | 19.1 | 627 | -0.5% | +15.4% |
| Romania | 2025 | 49.9 | 2.84 | 259 | 67.6 | 21.9 | 15.1 | 32.4 | 685 | -9.6% | +7.0% |
| Belarus | 2025 | 45.4 | 4.99 | 315 | 40.1 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 59.9 | 1,594 | +17.9% | -1.3% |
| Paraguay | 2025 | 45.4 | 4.23 | 25 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 160 | -2.7% | -53.0% |
| Morocco | 2025 | 44.2 | 1.25 | 603 | 23.2 | 21.0 | 62.4 | 76.8 | 695 | +13.8% | +7.8% |
| New Zealand | 2025 | 43.3 | 8.25 | 93 | 88.5 | 10.6 | 1.1 | 11.5 | 765 | -0.0% | 0.0% |
| Nigeria | 2025 | 42.5 | 0.17 | 452 | 32.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 68.0 | 81 | +11.9% | -5.7% |
| Hungary | 2025 | 40.2 | 5.11 | 163 | 75.3 | 28.6 | 3.4 | 24.7 | 679 | +15.0% | +18.3% |
| Bulgaria | 2025 | 38.1 | 5.46 | 275 | 71.9 | 21.7 | 22.6 | 28.1 | 1,557 | -5.2% | -3.6% |
| Bahrain | 2024 | 38.0 | 23.92 | 903 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 99.7 | 21,313 | +14.6% | +1.3% |
| Hong Kong | 2024 | 37.4 | 6.58 | 676 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 33.7 | 99.0 | 3,409 | +1.4% | +23.3% |
| Serbia | 2025 | 36.7 | 5.68 | 696 | 27.8 | 4.5 | 65.0 | 72.2 | 3,816 | -1.4% | +3.5% |
| Ecuador | 2025 | 36.6 | 2.00 | 159 | 79.4 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 20.6 | 317 | +17.0% | +0.1% |
| Libya | 2024 | 34.6 | 4.69 | 827 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 3,878 | -0.1% | 0.0% |
| Denmark | 2025 | 34.5 | 6.99 | 100 | 94.2 | 72.1 | 0.5 | 5.8 | 574 | +20.6% | +17.7% |
| Ethiopia | 2025 | 33.4 | 0.23 | 23 | 100.0 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6 | +113.6% | -7.6% |
| Turkmenistan | 2024 | 33.0 | 3.20 | 1,306 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 5,747 | +46.7% | -37.5% |
| Ireland | 2025 | 31.3 | 6.99 | 263 | 47.7 | 42.3 | 1.5 | 52.3 | 1,538 | -2.8% | +16.4% |
| Slovakia | 2025 | 29.1 | 4.88 | 95 | 85.2 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 14.9 | 504 | +2.0% | -8.8% |
| Azerbaijan | 2025 | 27.6 | 2.54 | 642 | 11.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 89.4 | 1,726 | +7.3% | -5.9% |
| North Korea | 2024 | 27.1 | 1.02 | 341 | 63.4 | 0.6 | 34.1 | 36.6 | 347 | +13.5% | 0.0% |
| Syria | 2024 | 24.9 | 0.98 | 706 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 96.5 | 709 | +11.5% | -2.5% |
| Ghana | 2024 | 24.3 | 0.63 | 469 | 36.2 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 63.8 | 328 | +40.3% | -11.2% |
| Tajikistan | 2025 | 24.0 | 1.74 | 73 | 94.4 | 0.0 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 161 | +19.5% | -27.5% |
| Jordan | 2024 | 23.7 | 2.05 | 530 | 24.1 | 24.0 | 0.0 | 75.9 | 1,083 | +15.3% | +0.3% |
| Dominican Republic | 2025 | 22.6 | 1.97 | 538 | 23.8 | 16.2 | 29.1 | 76.3 | 1,060 | +16.1% | 0.0% |
| Tunisia | 2025 | 22.3 | 2.02 | 561 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 96.1 | 1,015 | +4.2% | +10.4% |
| Myanmar | 2024 | 21.7 | 0.40 | 502 | 47.9 | 0.6 | 5.5 | 52.1 | 199 | +12.4% | +1.0% |
| Mozambique | 2024 | 19.8 | 0.48 | 129 | 83.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 16.6 | 75 | +4.2% | -20.0% |
| Zambia | 2024 | 19.7 | 0.78 | 126 | 87.5 | 0.9 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 117 | +33.3% | -18.8% |
| Puerto Rico | 2025 | 19.5 | 6.05 | 656 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 15.7 | 94.1 | 3,969 | +2.5% | 0.0% |
| Cuba | 2024 | 19.4 | 1.77 | 643 | 4.0 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 96.0 | 1,138 | -6.1% | 0.0% |
| Iceland | 2025 | 18.3 | n/a | 28 | 100.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | n/a | -3.3% | 0.0% |
| Cambodia | 2025 | 17.8 | 1.25 | 499 | 40.9 | 10.6 | 56.6 | 59.1 | 495 | +136.2% | +20.7% |
| Sri Lanka | 2025 | 17.2 | 0.74 | 368 | 56.3 | 17.0 | 30.0 | 43.7 | 272 | +4.1% | 0.0% |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2024 | 15.9 | 0.16 | 28 | 100.0 | 15.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4 | +35.0% | +8.3% |
| Guatemala | 2024 | 15.8 | 0.89 | 302 | 68.3 | 4.1 | 15.8 | 31.7 | 259 | +24.3% | +3.4% |
| Angola | 2024 | 15.6 | 0.41 | 185 | 73.7 | 2.8 | 0.0 | 26.3 | 76 | -1.5% | 0.0% |
| Slovenia | 2025 | 15.0 | 6.80 | 189 | 78.4 | 10.2 | 15.4 | 21.8 | 1,326 | -11.5% | -3.4% |
| Sudan | 2024 | 14.8 | 0.31 | 154 | 79.7 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 20.3 | 45 | -8.9% | +5.1% |
| Croatia | 2025 | 14.7 | 5.20 | 158 | 76.4 | 30.2 | 5.0 | 23.6 | 605 | +11.2% | +26.6% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2025 | 14.6 | 3.90 | 573 | 43.3 | 6.7 | 55.7 | 56.7 | 2,651 | -13.3% | -18.6% |
| Kenya | 2025 | 14.1 | 0.27 | 96 | 90.1 | 21.3 | 0.0 | 10.0 | 23 | +20.3% | +9.8% |
| Bolivia | 2025 | 13.6 | 1.08 | 481 | 36.1 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 63.9 | 520 | +32.6% | 0.0% |
| Georgia | 2025 | 13.5 | 3.86 | 147 | 79.5 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 20.5 | 525 | +21.0% | +7.2% |
| Panama | 2024 | 13.4 | 2.94 | 220 | 68.0 | 14.5 | 3.7 | 32.0 | 655 | +15.4% | -1.1% |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2025 | 12.7 | 2.64 | 73 | 94.7 | 0.0 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 150 | -17.6% | +21.5% |
| Honduras | 2024 | 12.5 | 1.17 | 322 | 55.5 | 15.5 | 0.5 | 44.6 | 372 | +17.1% | +1.2% |
| Uruguay | 2025 | 12.0 | 4.36 | 80 | 97.9 | 45.8 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 283 | -11.6% | +18.8% |
| Costa Rica | 2025 | 11.7 | 2.42 | n/a | 100.0 | 14.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | n/a | -0.5% | -3.2% |
| Nepal | 2024 | 11.1 | 0.37 | 24 | 100.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9 | +81.0% | -0.9% |
| Bhutan | 2024 | 11.0 | 15.74 | 24 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 328 | +27.2% | +11.7% |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 2024 | 10.8 | 0.32 | 406 | 28.9 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 71.1 | 139 | +1.2% | -7.3% |
| Zimbabwe | 2024 | 10.3 | 0.73 | 384 | 57.1 | 0.4 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 238 | +21.0% | +15.2% |
| Mongolia | 2025 | 9.71 | 3.53 | 822 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 85.7 | 91.6 | 2,266 | +46.2% | +21.9% |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 2024 | 9.55 | 6.33 | 681 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 99.9 | 4,315 | +3.8% | 0.0% |
| Lithuania | 2025 | 8.84 | 4.41 | 138 | 77.7 | 63.6 | 0.0 | 22.3 | 433 | +88.1% | +28.9% |
| Tanzania | 2024 | 8.84 | 0.13 | 344 | 32.9 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 67.1 | 44 | +13.8% | +2.1% |
| Armenia | 2025 | 8.50 | 2.38 | 244 | 60.3 | 8.8 | 0.0 | 39.7 | 744 | +11.3% | -28.0% |
| Senegal | 2024 | 7.63 | 0.44 | 540 | 19.8 | 14.3 | 1.3 | 80.2 | 223 | +31.1% | +6.2% |
| Cameroon | 2024 | 7.26 | 0.25 | 226 | 73.1 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 26.9 | 56 | -12.3% | +0.8% |
| Albania | 2025 | 7.11 | n/a | 25 | 100.0 | 5.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | n/a | +33.9% | +11.0% |
| North Macedonia | 2025 | 7.10 | 4.68 | 407 | 53.1 | 35.4 | 29.2 | 46.9 | 1,595 | +33.0% | +16.3% |
| El Salvador | 2025 | 6.74 | 0.98 | 111 | 91.0 | 24.3 | 0.0 | 9.0 | 115 | +4.8% | -5.6% |
| Latvia | 2025 | 6.23 | 4.17 | 135 | 73.5 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 26.5 | 459 | +8.9% | +18.3% |
| Estonia | 2025 | 6.14 | 6.62 | 319 | 59.8 | 37.5 | 0.0 | 40.2 | 1,466 | +1.0% | +30.6% |
| Mali | 2024 | 5.96 | 0.22 | 537 | 19.5 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 80.5 | 129 | +56.4% | -9.2% |
| Kosovo | 2025 | 5.87 | 4.43 | 902 | 10.9 | 6.8 | 88.9 | 89.1 | 3,158 | -12.4% | +20.9% |
| Uganda | 2024 | 5.81 | 0.11 | 59 | 97.1 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 7 | +26.9% | -8.2% |
| Cyprus | 2025 | 5.77 | 4.31 | 505 | 25.1 | 24.2 | 0.0 | 74.9 | 2,181 | +19.0% | 0.0% |
| Brunei | 2024 | 5.56 | 12.02 | 893 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 19.8 | 99.8 | 10,723 | +12.8% | 0.0% |
| Republic of the Congo | 2024 | 5.46 | 0.85 | 716 | 20.9 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 79.1 | 618 | +40.4% | -1.5% |
| Lebanon | 2024 | 5.34 | 0.92 | 388 | 43.8 | 30.2 | 0.0 | 56.2 | 357 | -75.3% | 0.0% |
| Yemen | 2024 | 5.25 | 0.13 | 591 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 0.0 | 88.8 | 77 | +60.1% | 0.0% |
| Jamaica | 2024 | 4.92 | 1.73 | 562 | 12.6 | 8.9 | 0.0 | 87.4 | 974 | +6.0% | 0.0% |
| Papua New Guinea | 2024 | 4.73 | 0.45 | 516 | 23.7 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 76.3 | 232 | +10.5% | 0.0% |
| Nicaragua | 2024 | 4.52 | 0.78 | 300 | 62.4 | 13.1 | 0.0 | 37.6 | 196 | -1.3% | +16.6% |
| Guinea | 2024 | 4.03 | 0.27 | 181 | 75.2 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 24.8 | 49 | +96.6% | 0.0% |
| Botswana | 2024 | 3.43 | 1.85 | 853 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 98.3 | 99.7 | 1,157 | +36.7% | +26.6% |
| Mauritius | 2024 | 3.41 | 2.68 | 642 | 17.9 | 5.3 | 39.3 | 82.1 | 1,721 | +5.6% | 0.0% |
| New Caledonia | 2024 | 3.12 | 10.66 | 564 | 26.9 | 9.6 | 36.5 | 73.1 | 6,013 | -6.3% | 0.0% |
| Reunion | 2023 | 3.07 | 3.51 | 399 | 56.7 | 10.1 | 13.0 | 43.3 | 1,395 | +4.1% | n/a |
| Moldova | 2025 | 2.92 | 1.84 | 514 | 28.4 | 16.0 | 0.0 | 71.6 | 506 | -52.8% | +46.6% |
| Gabon | 2024 | 2.60 | 1.25 | 525 | 35.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 64.6 | 539 | -8.5% | +18.2% |
| Montenegro | 2025 | 2.46 | 5.52 | 266 | 75.6 | 17.1 | 24.4 | 24.4 | 1,028 | -27.4% | +29.5% |
| Madagascar | 2024 | 2.43 | 0.08 | 434 | 42.4 | 4.1 | 20.6 | 57.6 | 35 | -1.6% | 0.0% |
| Bahamas | 2024 | 2.25 | 5.61 | 652 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 99.1 | 3,665 | +11.9% | 0.0% |
| Malta | 2025 | 2.21 | 5.90 | 480 | 17.2 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 82.8 | 1,930 | +2.8% | +31.8% |
| Mauritania | 2024 | 2.07 | 0.46 | 515 | 22.7 | 12.6 | 0.0 | 77.3 | 208 | +31.8% | +12.7% |
| Guam | 2024 | 1.86 | 11.09 | 605 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 0.0 | 91.4 | 6,738 | +6.3% | 0.0% |
| Malawi | 2024 | 1.83 | 0.08 | 57 | 95.6 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 4.4 | 4 | +1.7% | -1.1% |
| Suriname | 2024 | 1.74 | 2.74 | 323 | 52.9 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 47.1 | 882 | -14.7% | 0.0% |
| Burkina Faso | 2024 | 1.69 | 0.14 | 561 | 17.2 | 6.5 | 0.0 | 82.8 | 42 | +5.6% | +47.0% |
| Guadeloupe | 2023 | 1.67 | 4.44 | 493 | 35.3 | 12.6 | 13.2 | 64.7 | 2,180 | -2.3% | n/a |
| Namibia | 2024 | 1.64 | 1.33 | 52 | 97.6 | 36.6 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 30 | +18.8% | +59.4% |
| Luxembourg | 2025 | 1.54 | 9.51 | 121 | 91.6 | 61.0 | 0.0 | 8.4 | 279 | +26.2% | +76.2% |
| Martinique | 2023 | 1.51 | 4.36 | 527 | 25.8 | 9.3 | 0.0 | 74.2 | 2,310 | -1.9% | n/a |
| Equatorial Guinea | 2024 | 1.49 | 0.79 | 643 | 26.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 73.2 | 509 | +6.4% | 0.0% |
| Guyana | 2024 | 1.38 | 1.66 | 642 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 97.1 | 1,071 | +20.0% | 0.0% |
| Fiji | 2024 | 1.15 | 1.24 | 276 | 63.5 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 36.5 | 345 | +0.9% | 0.0% |
| Rwanda | 2024 | 1.13 | 0.09 | 362 | 49.6 | 3.5 | 15.0 | 50.4 | 30 | +32.9% | +7.4% |
| Barbados | 2024 | 1.11 | 3.93 | 601 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 0.0 | 91.0 | 2,372 | +4.7% | 0.0% |
| Benin | 2024 | 1.01 | 0.16 | 579 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 96.0 | 40 | +87.0% | +56.3% |
| Aruba | 2024 | 1.00 | 9.25 | 549 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 0.0 | 83.0 | 5,088 | +1.0% | 0.0% |
| Afghanistan | 2024 | 0.99 | 0.16 | 117 | 86.9 | 11.1 | 3.0 | 13.1 | 3 | -32.2% | +85.5% |
| Palestine | 2024 | 0.99 | 1.45 | 417 | 39.4 | 39.4 | 0.0 | 60.6 | 74 | +22.2% | +87.6% |
| French Guiana | 2023 | 0.98 | 3.23 | 257 | 65.3 | 6.1 | 0.0 | 34.7 | 824 | +5.4% | n/a |
| Niger | 2024 | 0.95 | 0.08 | 671 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 17.9 | 96.8 | 24 | +41.8% | +55.8% |
| Haiti | 2024 | 0.86 | 0.07 | 540 | 18.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 81.4 | 37 | -18.9% | 0.0% |
| Maldives | 2024 | 0.85 | 1.61 | 615 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 92.9 | 985 | +4.9% | 0.0% |
| Macao | 2024 | 0.78 | 8.72 | 474 | 30.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 69.2 | 514 | -7.1% | +87.6% |
| French Polynesia | 2024 | 0.72 | 2.56 | 440 | 34.7 | 8.3 | 0.0 | 65.3 | 1,138 | +4.3% | 0.0% |
| Cayman Islands | 2024 | 0.71 | 9.54 | 632 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 95.8 | 6,047 | -1.4% | 0.0% |
| Togo | 2024 | 0.71 | 0.23 | 421 | 29.6 | 18.3 | 0.0 | 70.4 | 31 | +16.4% | +67.9% |
| US Virgin Islands | 2023 | 0.68 | 7.94 | 640 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 97.1 | 5,138 | +9.7% | 0.0% |
| Seychelles | 2024 | 0.63 | 4.83 | 560 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 0.0 | 84.1 | 2,683 | +10.5% | 0.0% |
| Bermuda | 2024 | 0.61 | 9.44 | 639 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 98.4 | 6,035 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Eswatini | 2024 | 0.61 | 1.33 | 120 | 96.7 | 4.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 56 | +24.5% | +63.0% |
| Greenland | 2024 | 0.60 | 10.75 | 138 | 83.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 16.7 | 1,433 | +22.4% | 0.0% |
| Liberia | 2024 | 0.57 | 0.10 | 314 | 54.4 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 45.6 | 32 | +35.7% | 0.0% |
| South Sudan | 2024 | 0.56 | 0.05 | 646 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 98.2 | 32 | +1.8% | 0.0% |
| Cabo Verde | 2024 | 0.52 | 0.99 | 464 | 30.8 | 30.8 | 0.0 | 69.2 | 457 | +18.2% | 0.0% |
| Gambia | 2024 | 0.51 | 0.19 | 659 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 127 | +10.9% | 0.0% |
| Timor-Leste | 2024 | 0.51 | 0.36 | 667 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 240 | -1.9% | 0.0% |
| Burundi | 2024 | 0.49 | 0.04 | 184 | 75.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 24.5 | 6 | +25.6% | +14.0% |
| Faroe Islands | 2023 | 0.49 | 8.96 | 361 | 46.9 | 18.4 | 0.0 | 53.1 | 3,291 | +40.0% | 0.0% |
| Belize | 2024 | 0.47 | 2.04 | 170 | 87.2 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 12.8 | 192 | -9.6% | +44.7% |
| Eritrea | 2024 | 0.45 | 0.13 | 591 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 0.0 | 88.9 | 78 | +12.5% | 0.0% |
| Somalia | 2024 | 0.43 | 0.02 | 530 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 0.0 | 79.1 | 11 | +16.2% | 0.0% |
| Saint Lucia | 2024 | 0.40 | 2.23 | 643 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 97.5 | 1,450 | -4.8% | 0.0% |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 2024 | 0.37 | 3.95 | 608 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 0.0 | 91.9 | 2,349 | +2.8% | 0.0% |
| Chad | 2024 | 0.37 | 0.02 | 630 | 5.4 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 94.6 | 12 | +5.7% | 0.0% |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 2024 | 0.27 | 5.80 | 637 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 0.0 | 96.3 | 3,652 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Grenada | 2024 | 0.24 | 2.05 | 658 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 1,367 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2024 | 0.23 | 4.91 | 604 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 0.0 | 91.3 | 2,989 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Gibraltar | 2024 | 0.22 | 5.59 | 591 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 3,303 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Sierra Leone | 2024 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 57 | 95.2 | 9.5 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 1 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Djibouti | 2024 | 0.20 | 0.69 | 430 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 0.0 | 65.0 | 78 | n/a | +75.0% |
| American Samoa | 2024 | 0.18 | 3.85 | 622 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 0.0 | 94.4 | 2,353 | n/a | 0.0% |
| British Virgin Islands | 2023 | 0.17 | 4.36 | 659 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 2,821 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Samoa | 2024 | 0.16 | 0.73 | 400 | 43.8 | 18.8 | 0.0 | 56.3 | 274 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Dominica | 2023 | 0.15 | 2.26 | 573 | 13.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 86.7 | 1,356 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2024 | 0.15 | 1.49 | 573 | 13.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 86.7 | 894 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Central African Republic | 2023 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 21 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Comoros | 2023 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 657 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 109 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Solomon Islands | 2024 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 600 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 0.0 | 90.9 | 83 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 2023 | 0.09 | 0.39 | 589 | 11.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 88.9 | 217 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Western Sahara | 2009 | 0.09 | 0.23 | 667 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 153 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Guinea-Bissau | 2024 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 663 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 25 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Vanuatu | 2023 | 0.08 | 0.25 | 500 | 25.0 | 12.5 | 0.0 | 75.0 | 125 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Tonga | 2024 | 0.07 | 0.67 | 571 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 0.0 | 85.7 | 383 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Nauru | 2024 | 0.05 | 4.19 | 540 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 80.0 | 2,514 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 2023 | 0.05 | 8.80 | 660 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 5,280 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Cook Islands | 2024 | 0.04 | 2.91 | 350 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 728 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Kiribati | 2024 | 0.04 | 0.30 | 500 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 0.0 | 75.0 | 150 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Falkland Islands | 2023 | 0.01 | 2.88 | 700 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 2,880 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Montserrat | 2024 | 0.01 | 2.28 | 700 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 2,280 | n/a | 0.0% |
| Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 2023 | 0.01 | 1.89 | 1,000 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 1,890 | n/a | 0.0% |
Grids under 1 TWh a year (54 countries) are hidden from the chart by default because one power station can decide their figures. They are all in the data table, and the checkbox above the chart adds them.
What to Notice in the Default View
155 countries, 2025- Across the 155 countries drawn, the correlation between demand per person and carbon intensity is r = +0.03, a very weak link (rank correlation +0.04, which a few extreme countries cannot distort). A correlation describes how the countries line up in this data; it does not show that one measure causes the other.
- Norway sits furthest right among countries generating at least 10 TWh, at 24.5 MWh/person in 2025.
- The vertical spread among those countries runs from 23 gCO2/kWh in Ethiopia to 1,306 gCO2/kWh in Turkmenistan.
- 38 countries are above the median demand per person (3.51 MWh/person) and below the median carbon intensity (407 gCO2/kWh); the largest are the United States, Brazil and Canada. 38 are above both medians; the largest are China, Russia and Japan.
- Among countries generating at least 10 TWh, Turkmenistan is furthest from the straight line through the data: 1,306 gCO2/kWh where the line predicts 376 gCO2/kWh for its 3.20 MWh/person.
How to Read This
- Each bubble is one country at its own latest year in Ember's annual statistics, which is 2025 for 94 of 213 countries and an earlier year for the rest. Its position is the two measures you pick, its area grows with its electricity generation (with a minimum size so small grids stay visible) and its colour is its continent. Hover, focus or tap a bubble for the exact figures, and open it to reach the country's page.
- A country is drawn only when it has a value for both measures. Named extremes above only consider countries generating at least 10 TWh, the same floor the records pages use. Grids under 1 TWh are hidden by default, and zero or negative carbon intensities are skipped as provisional artifacts in Ember's data.
- A log scale spaces values by ratios, so a country with a tenth of another's value sits the same distance below it wherever it is. It helps for generation, demand per person, carbon intensity and power sector CO2 per person, which span wide ranges, and cannot draw a zero. The correlation is measured on the scales you see; the rank correlation ignores scale altogether.
- The correlation figure runs from -1 to +1. Near zero the two measures are unrelated across these countries; near either end they move together. It describes this data and does not show that one measure causes the other.
- Electricity generation. All electricity generated inside the country in its latest year.
- Demand per person. Generation plus net imports, divided by population.
- Carbon intensity. CO2 emitted per kilowatt hour generated. Zero or negative published values are skipped as provisional artifacts.
- Low carbon share. Nuclear plus hydro, wind, solar, bioenergy, geothermal and other renewables, as a share of generation, capped at 100%.
- Solar and wind share. Solar plus wind as a share of generation.
- Coal share. Coal as a share of generation.
- Fossil share. Coal, gas, oil and other fossil as a share of generation, capped at 100%.
- Power sector CO2 per person. Power sector emissions divided by population, in kilograms of CO2 a year. Population is demand divided by demand per person.
- Generation growth over 5 years. Change in generation between five years before the latest year and the latest year. Needs at least 0.3 TWh at the start.
- Net imports share of demand. Imports minus exports, as a share of demand. Positive means the country imports more than it exports; negative means it exports more.
- Coverage in 2025: electricity generation, 213 of 213 countries; demand per person, 210 of 213 countries; carbon intensity, 212 of 213 countries; low carbon share, 213 of 213 countries; solar and wind share, 213 of 213 countries; coal share, 213 of 213 countries; fossil share, 213 of 213 countries; power sector CO2 per person, 209 of 213 countries; generation growth over 5 years, 187 of 213 countries; net imports share of demand, 209 of 213 countries.
Country Explorer FAQ
Is demand per person linked to carbon intensity?
Across 155 countries in Ember's 2025 data the correlation between demand per person and carbon intensity is r = +0.03 (very weak; rank correlation +0.04). A link this weak means one measure says little about the other.
Which countries use a lot of electricity per person but have low carbon intensity?
38 countries are above the median demand per person (3.51 MWh/person) and below the median carbon intensity (407 gCO2/kWh). The largest by generation are the United States, Brazil, Canada, France and Germany. In the chart they sit in the bottom right.
Why is a country missing from my chart?
A country is drawn only when it has a value for both measures you picked. Coverage varies: generation growth over 5 years is available for 187 of 213 countries. Grids under 1 TWh are hidden by default (tick Show grids under 1 TWh to add them), a log scale cannot draw a zero, and non-positive carbon intensities are skipped as Ember artifacts. Every country with its measures is in the data table.
What do the bubble size and colour mean?
Bubble area grows with a country's electricity generation in its latest year, with a minimum size so small grids stay visible. Colour is the continent, and every continent can be switched off with its chip. Each bubble also names its country, continent, year and both values in its tooltip.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025. Annual statistics; each country shown at its own latest reported year.