Rwanda Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Rwanda generated 1.13 TWh of electricity in 2024, according to Ember. Hydro was the largest source at 46.0%, followed by gas (26.6%) and coal (15.0%). Demand was 1.22 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 362 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2024; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Rwanda generated 1.13 TWh of electricity in 2024.
- Hydro supplied 46.0% of Rwanda's electricity in 2024.
- Gas supplied 26.6% of Rwanda's electricity in 2024.
- Coal supplied 15.0% of Rwanda's electricity in 2024.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 49.6% of Rwanda's generation in 2024.
- The carbon intensity of Rwanda's electricity was 362 gCO2/kWh in 2024.
- Rwanda's carbon intensity in 2024 was 38% higher than in 2000, when it was 263 gCO2/kWh.
- Rwanda had the 158th highest electricity demand among the 197 countries with Ember data for 2024.
Key Figures, 2024
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 1.13 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 1.22 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 0.09 MWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Net imports | 90.0 GWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 362 gCO2/kWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 0.41 MtCO2 | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2024 data) | 158 of 197 | 2024 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2024
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 520 GWh | 46.0% |
| Gas | 300 GWh | 26.6% |
| Coal | 170 GWh | 15.0% |
| Other fossil | 100 GWh | 8.9% |
| Solar | 40.0 GWh | 3.5% |
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 2000 to 2024| Year | Hydro | Gas | Coal | Other fossil | Solar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 100 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 60.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2001 | 90.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 60.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2002 | 100 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 70.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2003 | 120 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 60.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2004 | 80.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 60.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2005 | 100 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 90.0 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2006 | 130 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 140 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2007 | 120 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 130 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2008 | 160 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 130 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2009 | 160 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 150 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2010 | 110 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 160 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2011 | 150 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 190 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2012 | 180 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 200 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2013 | 150 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 210 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2014 | 200 GWh | 20.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 190 GWh | 0 TWh |
| 2015 | 280 GWh | 20.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 200 GWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2016 | 300 GWh | 100 GWh | 10.0 GWh | 210 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2017 | 280 GWh | 110 GWh | 20.0 GWh | 220 GWh | 20.0 GWh |
| 2018 | 310 GWh | 210 GWh | 30.0 GWh | 240 GWh | 30.0 GWh |
| 2019 | 400 GWh | 210 GWh | 20.0 GWh | 190 GWh | 30.0 GWh |
| 2020 | 530 GWh | 210 GWh | 30.0 GWh | 90.0 GWh | 30.0 GWh |
| 2021 | 550 GWh | 220 GWh | 40.0 GWh | 150 GWh | 40.0 GWh |
| 2022 | 560 GWh | 210 GWh | 50.0 GWh | 180 GWh | 40.0 GWh |
| 2023 | 500 GWh | 300 GWh | 170 GWh | 90.0 GWh | 40.0 GWh |
| 2024 | 520 GWh | 300 GWh | 170 GWh | 100 GWh | 40.0 GWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.13 TWh | 1.22 TWh | 362 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 1.10 TWh | 1.20 TWh | 365 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 1.04 TWh | 1.06 TWh | 289 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 1.00 TWh | 1.02 TWh | 278 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 890 GWh | 910 GWh | 251 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 850 GWh | 880 GWh | 325 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 820 GWh | 910 GWh | 385 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 650 GWh | 720 GWh | 362 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 640 GWh | 710 GWh | 334 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 510 GWh | 590 GWh | 294 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Rwanda, 2000 to 2024
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.
Rwanda Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Rwanda?
Hydro was the largest source of electricity in Rwanda in 2024, supplying 46.0% of generation, followed by gas (26.6%) and coal (15.0%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Rwanda use?
Rwanda used 1.22 TWh of electricity in 2024, about 0.09 MWh per person.
How clean is Rwanda's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Rwanda emitted 362 gCO2/kWh in 2024, and low carbon sources supplied 49.6% of generation. That is 23% below the world average of 472 gCO2/kWh.
Does Rwanda import electricity?
Yes. Rwanda imported 90.0 GWh more electricity than it exported in 2024.