Russia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Russia generated 1,194 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Gas was the largest source at 45.6%, followed by nuclear (18.3%) and coal (17.7%). Demand was 1,178 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 447 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through June 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Russia generated 1,194 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Gas supplied 45.6% of Russia's electricity in 2025.
- Nuclear supplied 18.3% of Russia's electricity in 2025.
- Coal supplied 17.7% of Russia's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 35.7% of Russia's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of Russia's electricity was 447 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- Russia's carbon intensity in 2025 was 9% lower than in 1985, when it was 492 gCO2/kWh.
- Russia had the 4th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 1,194 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 1,178 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 8.17 MWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | -16.7 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 447 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 534 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 4 of 93 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
| Year | Gas | Nuclear | Coal | Hydro | Other fossil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 451 TWh | 99.3 TWh | 138 TWh | 160 TWh | 113 TWh |
| 1986 | 470 TWh | 105 TWh | 144 TWh | 164 TWh | 118 TWh |
| 1987 | 488 TWh | 125 TWh | 150 TWh | 163 TWh | 123 TWh |
| 1988 | 494 TWh | 135 TWh | 152 TWh | 161 TWh | 124 TWh |
| 1989 | 501 TWh | 136 TWh | 154 TWh | 160 TWh | 126 TWh |
| 1990 | 512 TWh | 118 TWh | 157 TWh | 167 TWh | 128 TWh |
| 1991 | 501 TWh | 120 TWh | 155 TWh | 168 TWh | 124 TWh |
| 1992 | 460 TWh | 120 TWh | 154 TWh | 173 TWh | 102 TWh |
| 1993 | 429 TWh | 119 TWh | 148 TWh | 174 TWh | 85.5 TWh |
| 1994 | 364 TWh | 97.8 TWh | 162 TWh | 176 TWh | 75.9 TWh |
| 1995 | 354 TWh | 99.5 TWh | 160 TWh | 176 TWh | 70.3 TWh |
| 1996 | 364 TWh | 109 TWh | 161 TWh | 154 TWh | 59.1 TWh |
| 1997 | 357 TWh | 109 TWh | 157 TWh | 157 TWh | 54.3 TWh |
| 1998 | 347 TWh | 104 TWh | 163 TWh | 159 TWh | 55.4 TWh |
| 1999 | 359 TWh | 122 TWh | 161 TWh | 160 TWh | 43.8 TWh |
| 2000 | 370 TWh | 131 TWh | 176 TWh | 164 TWh | 36.9 TWh |
| 2001 | 377 TWh | 137 TWh | 169 TWh | 174 TWh | 34.8 TWh |
| 2002 | 385 TWh | 142 TWh | 170 TWh | 162 TWh | 32.2 TWh |
| 2003 | 407 TWh | 150 TWh | 172 TWh | 156 TWh | 30.8 TWh |
| 2004 | 423 TWh | 145 TWh | 161 TWh | 176 TWh | 27.6 TWh |
| 2005 | 440 TWh | 149 TWh | 166 TWh | 173 TWh | 25.8 TWh |
| 2006 | 455 TWh | 156 TWh | 178 TWh | 173 TWh | 28.9 TWh |
| 2007 | 489 TWh | 160 TWh | 171 TWh | 177 TWh | 21.3 TWh |
| 2008 | 494 TWh | 163 TWh | 197 TWh | 165 TWh | 20.6 TWh |
| 2009 | 470 TWh | 164 TWh | 164 TWh | 174 TWh | 20.6 TWh |
| 2010 | 521 TWh | 170 TWh | 166 TWh | 166 TWh | 14.0 TWh |
| 2011 | 521 TWh | 173 TWh | 165 TWh | 163 TWh | 32.0 TWh |
| 2012 | 526 TWh | 178 TWh | 169 TWh | 163 TWh | 32.5 TWh |
| 2013 | 530 TWh | 173 TWh | 162 TWh | 181 TWh | 13.1 TWh |
| 2014 | 535 TWh | 181 TWh | 159 TWh | 173 TWh | 15.7 TWh |
| 2015 | 530 TWh | 195 TWh | 159 TWh | 168 TWh | 14.8 TWh |
| 2016 | 522 TWh | 197 TWh | 171 TWh | 185 TWh | 15.4 TWh |
| 2017 | 516 TWh | 203 TWh | 174 TWh | 185 TWh | 11.4 TWh |
| 2018 | 524 TWh | 205 TWh | 177 TWh | 191 TWh | 12.3 TWh |
| 2019 | 512 TWh | 209 TWh | 188 TWh | 194 TWh | 13.1 TWh |
| 2020 | 466 TWh | 216 TWh | 175 TWh | 212 TWh | 12.4 TWh |
| 2021 | 513 TWh | 222 TWh | 187 TWh | 215 TWh | 13.9 TWh |
| 2022 | 511 TWh | 224 TWh | 213 TWh | 198 TWh | 14.6 TWh |
| 2023 | 522 TWh | 217 TWh | 215 TWh | 201 TWh | 14.8 TWh |
| 2024 | 554 TWh | 216 TWh | 207 TWh | 211 TWh | 14.2 TWh |
| 2025 | 545 TWh | 219 TWh | 211 TWh | 200 TWh | 12.1 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1,194 TWh | 1,178 TWh | 447 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 1,209 TWh | 1,193 TWh | 444 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 1,178 TWh | 1,162 TWh | 447 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 1,167 TWh | 1,151 TWh | 443 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 1,157 TWh | 1,136 TWh | 427 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 1,085 TWh | 1,075 TWh | 418 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 1,118 TWh | 1,100 TWh | 440 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 1,109 TWh | 1,097 TWh | 439 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 1,091 TWh | 1,081 TWh | 440 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 1,091 TWh | 1,076 TWh | 443 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Russia, 1985 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Month by Month
Ember monthly statistics through June 2026Monthly statistics through June 2026, TWh
| Month | Demand | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-07 | 88.6 TWh | 88.7 TWh |
| 2024-08 | 87.2 TWh | 87.4 TWh |
| 2024-09 | 85.7 TWh | 85.7 TWh |
| 2024-10 | 97.9 TWh | 97.9 TWh |
| 2024-11 | 104 TWh | 104 TWh |
| 2024-12 | 112 TWh | 113 TWh |
| 2025-01 | 110 TWh | 110 TWh |
| 2025-02 | 102 TWh | 102 TWh |
| 2025-03 | 103 TWh | 103 TWh |
| 2025-04 | 92.3 TWh | 92.3 TWh |
| 2025-05 | 87.9 TWh | 87.9 TWh |
| 2025-06 | 82.2 TWh | 82.2 TWh |
| 2025-07 | 87.9 TWh | 88.0 TWh |
| 2025-08 | 86.6 TWh | 86.7 TWh |
| 2025-09 | 86.2 TWh | 86.2 TWh |
| 2025-10 | 98.3 TWh | 98.5 TWh |
| 2025-11 | 101 TWh | 101 TWh |
| 2025-12 | 112 TWh | 112 TWh |
| 2026-01 | 115 TWh | 115 TWh |
| 2026-02 | 104 TWh | 104 TWh |
| 2026-03 | 102 TWh | 103 TWh |
| 2026-04 | 92.2 TWh | 92.3 TWh |
| 2026-05 | 86.4 TWh | 86.4 TWh |
| 2026-06 | 81.2 TWh | 81.2 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of June 2026.
Russia Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Russia?
Gas was the largest source of electricity in Russia in 2025, supplying 45.6% of generation, followed by nuclear (18.3%) and coal (17.7%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Russia use?
Russia used 1,178 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 8.17 MWh per person.
How clean is Russia's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Russia emitted 447 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 35.7% of generation. That is 3% below the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.
Does Russia import electricity?
No. Russia was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 16.7 TWh more than it imported.