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Russia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions

Russia generated 1,194 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Gas was the largest source at 45.6%, followed by nuclear (18.3%) and coal (17.7%). Demand was 1,178 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 447 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through August 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.

Key Facts

  • Russia generated 1,194 TWh of electricity in 2025.
  • Gas supplied 45.6% of Russia's electricity in 2025.
  • Nuclear supplied 18.3% of Russia's electricity in 2025.
  • Coal supplied 17.7% of Russia's electricity in 2025.
  • Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 35.7% of Russia's generation in 2025.
  • The carbon intensity of Russia's electricity was 447 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • Russia's carbon intensity in 2025 was 9% lower than in 1985, when it was 492 gCO2/kWh.
  • Russia had the 4th highest electricity demand among the 96 countries with Ember data for 2025.

Key Figures, 2025

MeasureValueAs of / source
Total generation1,194 TWh2025 · Ember
Electricity demand1,178 TWh2025 · Ember
Demand per person8.17 MWh2025 · Ember
Net imports-16.7 TWh2025 · Ember
Carbon intensity447 gCO2/kWh2025 · Ember
Power sector emissions534 MtCO22025 · Ember
Demand rank (countries with 2025 data)4 of 962025 · Ember

Generation Mix, 2025

SourceGenerationShare
Gas 545 TWh 45.6%
Nuclear 219 TWh 18.3%
Coal 211 TWh 17.7%
Hydro 200 TWh 16.7%
Other fossil 12.1 TWh 1.0%
Wind 3.89 TWh 0.3%
Solar 2.86 TWh 0.2%
Bioenergy 880 GWh 0.1%
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Year by Year

Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025
Russia electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025 Russia's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were gas at 545 TWh, nuclear at 219 TWh, coal at 211 TWh, hydro at 200 TWh, other fossil at 12.1 TWh. 0 150 300 450 600 198519901995200020052010201520202025
Russia's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were gas at 545 TWh, nuclear at 219 TWh, coal at 211 TWh, hydro at 200 TWh, other fossil at 12.1 TWh.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
Russia electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025
YearGasNuclearCoalHydroOther fossil
1985451 TWh99.3 TWh138 TWh160 TWh113 TWh
1986470 TWh105 TWh144 TWh164 TWh118 TWh
1987488 TWh125 TWh150 TWh163 TWh123 TWh
1988494 TWh135 TWh152 TWh161 TWh124 TWh
1989501 TWh136 TWh154 TWh160 TWh126 TWh
1990512 TWh118 TWh157 TWh167 TWh128 TWh
1991501 TWh120 TWh155 TWh168 TWh124 TWh
1992460 TWh120 TWh154 TWh173 TWh102 TWh
1993429 TWh119 TWh148 TWh174 TWh85.5 TWh
1994364 TWh97.8 TWh162 TWh176 TWh75.9 TWh
1995354 TWh99.5 TWh160 TWh176 TWh70.3 TWh
1996364 TWh109 TWh161 TWh154 TWh59.1 TWh
1997357 TWh109 TWh157 TWh157 TWh54.3 TWh
1998347 TWh104 TWh163 TWh159 TWh55.4 TWh
1999359 TWh122 TWh161 TWh160 TWh43.8 TWh
2000370 TWh131 TWh176 TWh164 TWh36.9 TWh
2001377 TWh137 TWh169 TWh174 TWh34.8 TWh
2002385 TWh142 TWh170 TWh162 TWh32.2 TWh
2003407 TWh150 TWh172 TWh156 TWh30.8 TWh
2004423 TWh145 TWh161 TWh176 TWh27.6 TWh
2005440 TWh149 TWh166 TWh173 TWh25.8 TWh
2006455 TWh156 TWh178 TWh173 TWh28.9 TWh
2007489 TWh160 TWh171 TWh177 TWh21.3 TWh
2008494 TWh163 TWh197 TWh165 TWh20.6 TWh
2009470 TWh164 TWh164 TWh174 TWh20.6 TWh
2010521 TWh170 TWh166 TWh166 TWh14.0 TWh
2011521 TWh173 TWh165 TWh163 TWh32.0 TWh
2012526 TWh178 TWh169 TWh163 TWh32.5 TWh
2013530 TWh173 TWh162 TWh181 TWh13.1 TWh
2014535 TWh181 TWh159 TWh173 TWh15.7 TWh
2015530 TWh195 TWh159 TWh168 TWh14.8 TWh
2016522 TWh197 TWh171 TWh185 TWh15.4 TWh
2017516 TWh203 TWh174 TWh185 TWh11.4 TWh
2018524 TWh205 TWh177 TWh191 TWh12.3 TWh
2019512 TWh209 TWh188 TWh194 TWh13.1 TWh
2020466 TWh216 TWh175 TWh212 TWh12.4 TWh
2021513 TWh222 TWh187 TWh215 TWh13.9 TWh
2022511 TWh224 TWh213 TWh198 TWh14.6 TWh
2023522 TWh217 TWh215 TWh201 TWh14.8 TWh
2024554 TWh216 TWh207 TWh211 TWh14.2 TWh
2025545 TWh219 TWh211 TWh200 TWh12.1 TWh
YearGenerationDemandCarbon intensity
2025 1,194 TWh 1,178 TWh 447 gCO2/kWh
2024 1,209 TWh 1,193 TWh 444 gCO2/kWh
2023 1,178 TWh 1,162 TWh 447 gCO2/kWh
2022 1,167 TWh 1,151 TWh 443 gCO2/kWh
2021 1,157 TWh 1,136 TWh 427 gCO2/kWh
2020 1,085 TWh 1,075 TWh 418 gCO2/kWh
2019 1,118 TWh 1,100 TWh 440 gCO2/kWh
2018 1,109 TWh 1,097 TWh 439 gCO2/kWh
2017 1,091 TWh 1,081 TWh 440 gCO2/kWh
2016 1,091 TWh 1,076 TWh 443 gCO2/kWh

Full year by year history for Russia, 1985 to 2025

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Month by Month

Ember monthly statistics through August 2026
Russia monthly electricity demand and generation, September 2024 to August 2026 Russia's electricity demand in August 2026 was 86.1 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 86.1 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 370 gCO2/kWh. 0 30 60 90 120 2024-092025-032025-092026-03
Russia's electricity demand in August 2026 was 86.1 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 86.1 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 370 gCO2/kWh.
Monthly statistics through August 2026, TWh
Russia monthly electricity demand and generation, September 2024 to August 2026
MonthDemandGeneration
2024-0985.7 TWh85.7 TWh
2024-1097.9 TWh97.9 TWh
2024-11104 TWh104 TWh
2024-12112 TWh113 TWh
2025-01110 TWh110 TWh
2025-02102 TWh102 TWh
2025-03103 TWh104 TWh
2025-0492.3 TWh92.4 TWh
2025-0588.1 TWh88.1 TWh
2025-0682.2 TWh82.2 TWh
2025-0788.0 TWh88.1 TWh
2025-0886.7 TWh86.8 TWh
2025-0986.1 TWh86.2 TWh
2025-1098.1 TWh98.3 TWh
2025-11101 TWh101 TWh
2025-12112 TWh112 TWh
2026-01115 TWh115 TWh
2026-02104 TWh104 TWh
2026-03103 TWh103 TWh
2026-0492.3 TWh92.4 TWh
2026-0586.5 TWh86.5 TWh
2026-0681.3 TWh81.3 TWh
2026-0784.9 TWh84.9 TWh
2026-0886.1 TWh86.1 TWh

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of August 2026.

Seasonal Patterns in Russia

Ember monthly statistics, complete years only, through August 2026

Electricity demand by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2019 to 2025, demand is highest in December and lowest in June, and the busiest month uses 32% more electricity per day than the quietest.

Russia's electricity demand for each month, in TWh, 2019 to 2025. Colour shows demand per day, so short months are not shaded as quiet.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2025 110 102 103 92.3 88.1 82.2 88.0 86.7 86.1 98.1 101 112
2024 114 105 105 91.6 89.0 84.6 88.6 87.2 85.7 97.9 104 112
2023 109 98.9 101 90.6 86.4 80.6 84.4 86.9 84.3 96.3 101 114
2022 108 95.6 102 89.6 85.3 79.1 82.2 85.1 84.3 93.4 99.9 110
2021 104 96.0 99.7 87.9 82.3 79.2 82.9 83.5 84.7 94.3 98.3 108
2020 99.6 93.8 94.0 83.5 76.8 73.4 77.7 78.0 79.2 87.9 93.1 104
2019 103 92.4 95.7 85.9 81.1 78.0 79.7 80.8 81.8 90.6 95.9 102
  • Lower demand per day
  • Higher demand per day
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the month's total demand in TWh, and colour compares demand per day so short months are not shaded as quiet. Lowest cell 73.4 TWh, highest 114 TWh. Colours are relative to Russia alone.

Low carbon share of generation by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2019 to 2025, the low carbon share is highest in June (44%) and lowest in February (32%), a gap of 11.8 points.

Share of Russia's electricity generation from nuclear and renewable sources for each month, in percent, 2019 to 2025.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2025 31% 29% 32% 36% 41% 44% 43% 41% 41% 39% 35% 33%
2024 32% 31% 34% 39% 43% 42% 40% 40% 40% 36% 34% 33%
2023 32% 31% 32% 39% 41% 44% 43% 41% 42% 38% 35% 33%
2022 34% 34% 36% 40% 45% 45% 42% 39% 40% 37% 35% 31%
2021 34% 34% 37% 40% 47% 47% 44% 41% 42% 40% 38% 35%
2020 35% 35% 38% 41% 48% 48% 43% 43% 45% 44% 39% 36%
2019 32% 33% 33% 34% 39% 40% 43% 43% 42% 39% 38% 34%
  • Lower low carbon share
  • Higher low carbon share
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the low carbon share. Lowest cell 29%, highest 48%. Colours are relative to Russia alone.

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of August 2026. Complete calendar years only.

Countries With a Similar Electricity Mix

Ember annual, 2025

Russia's closest match is the United States, 80.4% the same, and the match goes both ways, so they are grid twins.

  1. United States 80.4% the same · grid twin The United States generates 11.4 points less hydro than Russia
  2. Armenia 75.0% the same Armenia generates 17.7 points less coal than Russia
  3. Argentina 71.5% the same Argentina generates 16.8 points less coal than Russia
  4. Pakistan 69.9% the same Pakistan generates 22.6 points less gas than Russia
  5. Malaysia 68.9% the same Malaysia generates 27.2 points more coal than Russia

How close: the share of generation that would have to change fuel for one mix to match the other (half the sum of the fuel share differences); 100% minus that is "the same". Grids under 1 TWh are skipped. Grid twins: the 25 closest pairs and every country's nearest match

Russia Electricity FAQ

What is the main source of electricity in Russia?

Gas was the largest source of electricity in Russia in 2025, supplying 45.6% of generation, followed by nuclear (18.3%) and coal (17.7%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.

How much electricity does Russia use?

Russia used 1,178 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 8.17 MWh per person.

How clean is Russia's electricity?

Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Russia emitted 447 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 35.7% of generation. That is 3% below the world average of 460 gCO2/kWh.

Does Russia import electricity?

No. Russia was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 16.7 TWh more than it imported.

When does Russia use the most electricity?

Averaged over 2019 to 2025, Russia's electricity demand is highest in December and lowest in June. The busiest month uses 32% more electricity per day than the quietest (Ember monthly data).

Cite this page
APA 7

World Power Monitor. (2026). Russia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/russia/

Plain text

World Power Monitor. Russia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. Data as of 2026-08. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/russia/

BibTeX 
@misc{wpm_countries_russia_2026,
  title = {{Russia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions}},
  author = {{World Power Monitor}},
  year = {2026},
  note = {Data as of 2026-08. Data from Ember.},
  url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/russia/}
}

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