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Data as of 2026-07
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Built 2026-09-19 (19 September 2026)

India Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions

India generated 2,084 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Coal was the largest source at 70.9%, followed by solar (9.3%) and hydro (8.5%). Demand was 2,086 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 671 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through July 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.

Key Facts

  • India generated 2,084 TWh of electricity in 2025.
  • Coal supplied 70.9% of India's electricity in 2025.
  • Solar supplied 9.3% of India's electricity in 2025.
  • Hydro supplied 8.5% of India's electricity in 2025.
  • Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 26.5% of India's generation in 2025.
  • The carbon intensity of India's electricity was 671 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • India's carbon intensity in 2025 was 6% higher than in 1985, when it was 635 gCO2/kWh.
  • India had the 3rd highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.

Key Figures, 2025

MeasureValueAs of / source
Total generation2,084 TWh2025 · Ember
Electricity demand2,086 TWh2025 · Ember
Demand per person1.42 MWh2025 · Ember
Net imports1.22 TWh2025 · Ember
Carbon intensity671 gCO2/kWh2025 · Ember
Power sector emissions1,399 MtCO22025 · Ember
Demand rank (countries with 2025 data)3 of 932025 · Ember

Generation Mix, 2025

SourceGenerationShare
Coal 1,478 TWh 70.9%
Solar 195 TWh 9.3%
Hydro 178 TWh 8.5%
Wind 104 TWh 5.0%
Nuclear 53.8 TWh 2.6%
Gas 48.5 TWh 2.3%
Bioenergy 23.0 TWh 1.1%
Other fossil 4.10 TWh 0.2%

Year by Year

Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025
India electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025 India's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were coal at 1,478 TWh, solar at 195 TWh, hydro at 178 TWh, wind at 104 TWh, nuclear at 53.8 TWh. 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 198519901995200020052010201520202025
India's electricity generation by main source from 1985 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were coal at 1,478 TWh, solar at 195 TWh, hydro at 178 TWh, wind at 104 TWh, nuclear at 53.8 TWh.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
India electricity generation by source, 1985 to 2025
YearCoalSolarHydroWindNuclear
1985116 TWh0 TWh51.8 TWh0 TWh4.51 TWh
1986130 TWh0 TWh52.6 TWh0 TWh5.02 TWh
1987153 TWh0 TWh49.0 TWh0 TWh5.32 TWh
1988165 TWh0 TWh54.6 TWh0 TWh6.08 TWh
1989185 TWh0 TWh63.4 TWh0 TWh4.02 TWh
1990192 TWh0 TWh66.4 TWh30.0 GWh6.39 TWh
1991214 TWh0 TWh73.9 TWh110 GWh5.41 TWh
1992229 TWh0 TWh70.1 TWh90.0 GWh6.40 TWh
1993253 TWh0 TWh70.7 TWh90.0 GWh6.23 TWh
1994265 TWh0 TWh80.2 TWh190 GWh4.95 TWh
1995296 TWh0 TWh75.9 TWh500 GWh7.61 TWh
1996312 TWh10.0 GWh69.1 TWh880 GWh8.40 TWh
1997326 TWh10.0 GWh70.2 TWh990 GWh10.1 TWh
1998336 TWh10.0 GWh83.6 TWh1.08 TWh11.4 TWh
1999365 TWh10.0 GWh82.3 TWh1.45 TWh12.7 TWh
2000390 TWh10.0 GWh77.0 TWh1.58 TWh15.8 TWh
2001408 TWh10.0 GWh72.0 TWh2.09 TWh18.9 TWh
2002427 TWh10.0 GWh68.5 TWh2.09 TWh19.4 TWh
2003441 TWh20.0 GWh69.3 TWh2.60 TWh18.1 TWh
2004463 TWh20.0 GWh101 TWh5.23 TWh21.3 TWh
2005478 TWh20.0 GWh97.4 TWh5.99 TWh17.7 TWh
2006505 TWh10.0 GWh113 TWh9.34 TWh17.6 TWh
2007533 TWh60.0 GWh123 TWh11.7 TWh17.8 TWh
2008573 TWh60.0 GWh115 TWh14.4 TWh15.2 TWh
2009611 TWh80.0 GWh106 TWh16.3 TWh16.8 TWh
2010643 TWh110 GWh109 TWh19.5 TWh23.1 TWh
2011701 TWh830 GWh132 TWh24.0 TWh32.2 TWh
2012787 TWh2.10 TWh116 TWh27.4 TWh33.1 TWh
2013848 TWh3.43 TWh132 TWh30.0 TWh33.3 TWh
2014950 TWh4.91 TWh139 TWh33.5 TWh34.7 TWh
20151,007 TWh7.09 TWh133 TWh32.7 TWh38.3 TWh
20161,074 TWh12.2 TWh129 TWh43.5 TWh37.9 TWh
20171,115 TWh22.4 TWh136 TWh52.6 TWh37.4 TWh
20181,199 TWh37.5 TWh140 TWh60.3 TWh39.1 TWh
20191,199 TWh37.5 TWh162 TWh63.3 TWh45.2 TWh
20201,144 TWh51.6 TWh164 TWh60.4 TWh44.6 TWh
20211,256 TWh64.3 TWh161 TWh68.1 TWh43.9 TWh
20221,344 TWh94.6 TWh175 TWh70.1 TWh46.2 TWh
20231,445 TWh114 TWh149 TWh82.1 TWh48.2 TWh
20241,518 TWh142 TWh157 TWh81.5 TWh54.7 TWh
20251,478 TWh195 TWh178 TWh104 TWh53.8 TWh
YearGenerationDemandCarbon intensity
2025 2,084 TWh 2,086 TWh 671 gCO2/kWh
2024 2,035 TWh 2,033 TWh 707 gCO2/kWh
2023 1,917 TWh 1,915 TWh 714 gCO2/kWh
2022 1,803 TWh 1,802 TWh 707 gCO2/kWh
2021 1,677 TWh 1,677 TWh 716 gCO2/kWh
2020 1,562 TWh 1,562 TWh 710 gCO2/kWh
2019 1,601 TWh 1,598 TWh 723 gCO2/kWh
2018 1,572 TWh 1,568 TWh 738 gCO2/kWh
2017 1,462 TWh 1,461 TWh 743 gCO2/kWh
2016 1,395 TWh 1,394 TWh 752 gCO2/kWh

Full year by year history for India, 1985 to 2025

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Month by Month

Ember monthly statistics through July 2026
India monthly electricity demand and generation, August 2024 to July 2026 India's electricity demand in July 2026 was 185 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 185 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 595 gCO2/kWh. 0 50 100 150 200 2024-082025-022025-082026-02
India's electricity demand in July 2026 was 185 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 185 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 595 gCO2/kWh.
Monthly statistics through July 2026, TWh
India monthly electricity demand and generation, August 2024 to July 2026
MonthDemandGeneration
2024-08156 TWh155 TWh
2024-09152 TWh151 TWh
2024-10153 TWh153 TWh
2024-11135 TWh136 TWh
2024-12142 TWh143 TWh
2025-01148 TWh150 TWh
2025-02142 TWh144 TWh
2025-03161 TWh163 TWh
2025-04159 TWh161 TWh
2025-05161 TWh163 TWh
2025-06163 TWh163 TWh
2025-07169 TWh169 TWh
2025-08164 TWh164 TWh
2025-09159 TWh159 TWh
2025-10145 TWh145 TWh
2025-11136 TWh136 TWh
2025-12153 TWh154 TWh
2026-01158 TWh159 TWh
2026-02147 TWh149 TWh
2026-03164 TWh166 TWh
2026-04168 TWh170 TWh
2026-05180 TWh181 TWh
2026-06182 TWh183 TWh
2026-07185 TWh185 TWh

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of July 2026.

India Electricity FAQ

What is the main source of electricity in India?

Coal was the largest source of electricity in India in 2025, supplying 70.9% of generation, followed by solar (9.3%) and hydro (8.5%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.

How much electricity does India use?

India used 2,086 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 1.42 MWh per person.

How clean is India's electricity?

Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in India emitted 671 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 26.5% of generation. That is 46% above the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.

Does India import electricity?

Yes. India imported 1.22 TWh more electricity than it exported in 2025.