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France Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions

France generated 574 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Nuclear was the largest source at 68.3%, followed by hydro (10.3%) and wind (8.8%). Demand was 481 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 41 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through October 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.

Key Facts

  • France generated 574 TWh of electricity in 2025.
  • Nuclear supplied 68.3% of France's electricity in 2025.
  • Hydro supplied 10.3% of France's electricity in 2025.
  • Wind supplied 8.8% of France's electricity in 2025.
  • Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 94.9% of France's generation in 2025.
  • The carbon intensity of France's electricity was 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • France's carbon intensity in 2025 was 60% lower than in 1990, when it was 104 gCO2/kWh.
  • France had the 11th highest electricity demand among the 96 countries with Ember data for 2025.

Key Figures, 2025

MeasureValueAs of / source
Total generation574 TWh2025 · Ember
Electricity demand481 TWh2025 · Ember
Demand per person7.15 MWh2025 · Ember
Net imports-93.8 TWh2025 · Ember
Carbon intensity41 gCO2/kWh2025 · Ember
Power sector emissions23.7 MtCO22025 · Ember
Demand rank (countries with 2025 data)11 of 962025 · Ember

Generation Mix, 2025

SourceGenerationShare
Nuclear 392 TWh 68.3%
Hydro 59.4 TWh 10.3%
Wind 50.7 TWh 8.8%
Solar 32.0 TWh 5.6%
Gas 17.2 TWh 3.0%
Other fossil 10.4 TWh 1.8%
Bioenergy 10.3 TWh 1.8%
Coal 1.75 TWh 0.3%
Other renewables 570 GWh 0.1%
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Year by Year

Ember annual statistics, 1990 to 2025
France electricity generation by source, 1990 to 2025 France's electricity generation by main source from 1990 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were nuclear at 392 TWh, hydro at 59.4 TWh, wind at 50.7 TWh, solar at 32.0 TWh, gas at 17.2 TWh. 0 125 250 375 500 19901995200020052010201520202025
France's electricity generation by main source from 1990 to 2025, in TWh. In 2025 the largest sources were nuclear at 392 TWh, hydro at 59.4 TWh, wind at 50.7 TWh, solar at 32.0 TWh, gas at 17.2 TWh.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
France electricity generation by source, 1990 to 2025
YearNuclearHydroWindSolarGas
1990314 TWh52.7 TWh0 TWh0 TWh3.03 TWh
1991331 TWh56.3 TWh0 TWh0 TWh3.05 TWh
1992338 TWh67.5 TWh0 TWh0 TWh3.18 TWh
1993368 TWh63.3 TWh0 TWh0 TWh3.50 TWh
1994360 TWh77.0 TWh0 TWh0 TWh3.63 TWh
1995377 TWh71.3 TWh0 TWh0 TWh3.84 TWh
1996397 TWh64.7 TWh10.0 GWh0 TWh4.12 TWh
1997395 TWh62.1 TWh10.0 GWh0 TWh4.90 TWh
1998388 TWh60.8 TWh20.0 GWh0 TWh4.97 TWh
1999394 TWh70.8 TWh40.0 GWh0 TWh7.70 TWh
2000415 TWh64.8 TWh50.0 GWh10.0 GWh11.5 TWh
2001421 TWh72.6 TWh130 GWh10.0 GWh15.2 TWh
2002437 TWh58.9 TWh270 GWh10.0 GWh18.4 TWh
2003441 TWh57.4 TWh390 GWh10.0 GWh19.4 TWh
2004448 TWh58.0 TWh590 GWh10.0 GWh21.1 TWh
2005452 TWh50.1 TWh960 GWh10.0 GWh23.1 TWh
2006450 TWh54.9 TWh2.18 TWh10.0 GWh21.8 TWh
2007440 TWh56.0 TWh4.07 TWh20.0 GWh22.0 TWh
2008439 TWh62.2 TWh5.69 TWh40.0 GWh21.9 TWh
2009410 TWh55.5 TWh7.91 TWh170 GWh20.5 TWh
2010429 TWh61.2 TWh9.94 TWh620 GWh23.8 TWh
2011442 TWh45.7 TWh12.4 TWh2.33 TWh29.5 TWh
2012425 TWh59.8 TWh15.2 TWh4.43 TWh22.8 TWh
2013424 TWh71.9 TWh16.1 TWh5.19 TWh18.4 TWh
2014436 TWh63.8 TWh17.3 TWh6.39 TWh13.2 TWh
2015437 TWh55.6 TWh21.4 TWh7.75 TWh21.1 TWh
2016403 TWh60.8 TWh21.4 TWh8.66 TWh35.0 TWh
2017398 TWh50.0 TWh24.6 TWh8.87 TWh40.5 TWh
2018413 TWh65.1 TWh28.6 TWh11.2 TWh30.6 TWh
2019399 TWh56.9 TWh34.7 TWh12.0 TWh39.2 TWh
2020354 TWh62.5 TWh40.1 TWh13.1 TWh35.3 TWh
2021379 TWh59.5 TWh37.1 TWh15.3 TWh33.3 TWh
2022295 TWh45.5 TWh38.2 TWh19.3 TWh45.7 TWh
2023338 TWh55.9 TWh50.5 TWh22.6 TWh30.0 TWh
2024380 TWh71.1 TWh45.4 TWh25.1 TWh18.1 TWh
2025392 TWh59.4 TWh50.7 TWh32.0 TWh17.2 TWh
YearGenerationDemandCarbon intensity
2025 574 TWh 481 TWh 41 gCO2/kWh
2024 562 TWh 472 TWh 40 gCO2/kWh
2023 519 TWh 468 TWh 53 gCO2/kWh
2022 468 TWh 483 TWh 79 gCO2/kWh
2021 550 TWh 505 TWh 60 gCO2/kWh
2020 527 TWh 482 TWh 59 gCO2/kWh
2019 566 TWh 508 TWh 60 gCO2/kWh
2018 576 TWh 513 TWh 60 gCO2/kWh
2017 556 TWh 516 TWh 78 gCO2/kWh
2016 559 TWh 517 TWh 69 gCO2/kWh

Full year by year history for France, 1990 to 2025

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Month by Month

Ember monthly statistics through October 2026
France monthly electricity demand and generation, November 2024 to October 2026 France's electricity demand in October 2026 was 33.9 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 39.6 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 37 gCO2/kWh. 0 15 30 45 60 2024-112025-052025-112026-05
France's electricity demand in October 2026 was 33.9 TWh, and generation from the sources Ember reports was 39.6 TWh. Carbon intensity that month was 37 gCO2/kWh.
Monthly statistics through October 2026, TWh
France monthly electricity demand and generation, November 2024 to October 2026
MonthDemandGeneration
2024-1138.4 TWh45.8 TWh
2024-1244.9 TWh51.5 TWh
2025-0148.9 TWh55.5 TWh
2025-0241.5 TWh46.2 TWh
2025-0340.1 TWh45.9 TWh
2025-0432.5 TWh38.5 TWh
2025-0530.2 TWh37.5 TWh
2025-0631.0 TWh37.9 TWh
2025-0732.0 TWh40.9 TWh
2025-0830.3 TWh38.9 TWh
2025-0930.7 TWh39.4 TWh
2025-1034.2 TWh42.9 TWh
2025-1139.1 TWh48.1 TWh
2025-1244.2 TWh54.8 TWh
2026-0149.0 TWh55.4 TWh
2026-0239.0 TWh47.4 TWh
2026-0338.7 TWh48.2 TWh
2026-0432.5 TWh41.5 TWh
2026-0531.3 TWh41.0 TWh
2026-0632.1 TWh40.2 TWh
2026-0733.7 TWh42.3 TWh
2026-0831.3 TWh38.1 TWh
2026-0930.6 TWh36.1 TWh
2026-1033.9 TWh39.6 TWh

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of October 2026.

Seasonal Patterns in France

Ember monthly statistics, complete years only, through October 2026

Electricity demand by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2016 to 2025, demand is highest in January and lowest in August, and the busiest month uses 62% more electricity per day than the quietest.

France's electricity demand for each month, in TWh, 2016 to 2025. Colour shows demand per day, so short months are not shaded as quiet.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2025 48.9 41.5 40.1 32.5 30.2 31.0 32.0 30.3 30.7 34.2 39.1 44.2
2024 46.9 38.7 38.5 34.2 30.9 29.6 31.6 30.6 30.4 33.5 38.4 44.9
2023 46.0 40.8 39.3 33.9 30.5 29.9 31.3 30.0 30.3 32.2 37.9 42.7
2022 51.7 42.1 41.7 35.9 32.3 31.8 33.3 31.4 31.3 31.8 36.3 45.3
2021 52.7 42.7 43.4 37.4 34.4 31.6 32.3 30.5 31.9 36.2 43.8 48.5
2020 48.6 42.5 40.8 30.3 30.3 30.1 32.5 31.1 32.1 37.9 39.5 47.1
2019 53.3 43.5 42.4 37.6 35.1 32.1 34.1 31.1 31.8 35.5 43.1 45.9
2018 47.7 49.2 47.5 36.0 33.5 32.0 34.2 32.0 32.4 36.5 43.0 46.8
2017 57.0 43.5 42.3 36.6 34.8 33.4 33.8 32.0 33.5 36.4 44.1 50.7
2016 49.5 45.7 46.6 38.6 34.3 32.3 33.5 32.0 33.2 38.7 44.0 50.4
  • Lower demand per day
  • Higher demand per day
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the month's total demand in TWh, and colour compares demand per day so short months are not shaded as quiet. Lowest cell 29.6 TWh, highest 57.0 TWh. Colours are relative to France alone.

Low carbon share of generation by month

Look for the brightest columns. Averaged over 2016 to 2025, the low carbon share is highest in May (96%) and lowest in November (89%), a gap of 7.1 points.

Share of France's electricity generation from nuclear and renewable sources for each month, in percent, 2016 to 2025.
Year JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2025 93% 93% 95% 98% 98% 98% 97% 97% 98% 97% 95% 94%
2024 93% 94% 94% 98% 99% 98% 98% 98% 97% 98% 93% 94%
2023 90% 87% 91% 95% 97% 95% 94% 95% 96% 96% 93% 93%
2022 88% 90% 87% 90% 91% 91% 89% 89% 88% 88% 87% 87%
2021 89% 91% 91% 92% 96% 96% 96% 97% 94% 93% 87% 88%
2020 89% 92% 92% 98% 96% 92% 91% 91% 90% 93% 90% 90%
2019 88% 90% 93% 94% 95% 95% 92% 94% 92% 92% 87% 91%
2018 93% 88% 90% 97% 97% 97% 93% 93% 94% 91% 88% 91%
2017 85% 87% 89% 91% 94% 94% 91% 94% 92% 86% 84% 88%
2016 91% 92% 91% 94% 96% 96% 94% 94% 88% 87% 85% 85%
  • Lower low carbon share
  • Higher low carbon share
  • No data
  • Each cell shows the low carbon share. Lowest cell 84%, highest 99%. Colours are relative to France alone.

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of October 2026. Complete calendar years only.

Countries With a Similar Electricity Mix

Ember annual, 2025

France's closest match is Slovakia, 86.1% the same, and the match goes both ways, so they are grid twins.

  1. Slovakia 86.1% the same · grid twin Slovakia generates 8.8 points less wind than France
  2. Ukraine 76.0% the same Ukraine generates 20.6 points more coal than France
  3. Finland 65.3% the same Finland generates 28.5 points less nuclear than France
  4. Bulgaria 60.6% the same Bulgaria generates 29.2 points less nuclear than France
  5. Slovenia 60.4% the same Slovenia generates 29.0 points less nuclear than France

How close: the share of generation that would have to change fuel for one mix to match the other (half the sum of the fuel share differences); 100% minus that is "the same". Grids under 1 TWh are skipped. Grid twins: the 25 closest pairs and every country's nearest match

France Electricity FAQ

What is the main source of electricity in France?

Nuclear was the largest source of electricity in France in 2025, supplying 68.3% of generation, followed by hydro (10.3%) and wind (8.8%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.

How much electricity does France use?

France used 481 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 7.15 MWh per person.

How clean is France's electricity?

Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in France emitted 41 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 94.9% of generation. That is 91% below the world average of 460 gCO2/kWh.

Does France import electricity?

No. France was a net exporter in 2025, exporting 93.8 TWh more than it imported.

When does France use the most electricity?

Averaged over 2016 to 2025, France's electricity demand is highest in January and lowest in August. The busiest month uses 62% more electricity per day than the quietest (Ember monthly data).

Cite this page
APA 7

World Power Monitor. (2026). France Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/france/

Plain text

World Power Monitor. France Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions. Data as of 2026-10. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/france/

BibTeX 
@misc{wpm_countries_france_2026,
  title = {{France Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions}},
  author = {{World Power Monitor}},
  year = {2026},
  note = {Data as of 2026-10. Data from Ember.},
  url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/france/}
}

Permalink: https://worldpowermonitor.com/countries/france/

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