France vs Switzerland: Electricity Compared

France generated 570 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Switzerland 65.0 TWh, according to Ember. France's largest source was nuclear (68.8%); Switzerland's was hydro (52.3%). Each kWh generated emitted 41 gCO2/kWh in France and 39 gCO2/kWh in Switzerland. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.

Key Facts

Hydro supplied 52.3% of Switzerland's electricity in 2025, against 10.4% in France.
Carbon intensity rose 7% in Switzerland between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 30% in France.
Low carbon sources supplied 94.9% of France's electricity in 2025 and 97.7% of Switzerland's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 476 TWh in France and 65.1 TWh in Switzerland.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	France	Switzerland
Total generation	570 TWh	65.0 TWh
Electricity demand	476 TWh	65.1 TWh
Demand per person	7.15 MWh	7.26 MWh
Carbon intensity	41 gCO2/kWh	39 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	23.6 MtCO2	2.54 MtCO2
Low carbon share	94.9%	97.7%
Largest source	Nuclear 68.8%	Hydro 52.3%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	France	Switzerland
Nuclear	68.8%	29.9%
Hydro	10.4%	52.3%
Solar	5.6%	12.1%
Wind	8.2%	0.2%
Gas	3.0%	0.4%
Other fossil	1.8%	1.9%
Bioenergy	1.8%	1.6%
Other renewables	0.1%	1.6%
Coal	0.3%	0.0%

Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in France and Switzerland each year from 1990 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 41 gCO2/kWh in France and 39 gCO2/kWh in Switzerland.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in France and Switzerland, 1990 to 2025
Year	France	Switzerland
1990	104 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1991	122 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1992	102 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1993	69 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1994	67 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1995	73 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1996	79 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1997	71 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1998	97 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1999	87 gCO2/kWh	n/a
2000	80 gCO2/kWh	34 gCO2/kWh
2001	69 gCO2/kWh	33 gCO2/kWh
2002	75 gCO2/kWh	34 gCO2/kWh
2003	81 gCO2/kWh	35 gCO2/kWh
2004	77 gCO2/kWh	35 gCO2/kWh
2005	86 gCO2/kWh	38 gCO2/kWh
2006	77 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2007	80 gCO2/kWh	34 gCO2/kWh
2008	76 gCO2/kWh	34 gCO2/kWh
2009	76 gCO2/kWh	34 gCO2/kWh
2010	79 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2011	75 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2012	78 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2013	76 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2014	52 gCO2/kWh	34 gCO2/kWh
2015	59 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2016	69 gCO2/kWh	40 gCO2/kWh
2017	78 gCO2/kWh	40 gCO2/kWh
2018	60 gCO2/kWh	36 gCO2/kWh
2019	60 gCO2/kWh	35 gCO2/kWh
2020	59 gCO2/kWh	37 gCO2/kWh
2021	60 gCO2/kWh	39 gCO2/kWh
2022	79 gCO2/kWh	37 gCO2/kWh
2023	53 gCO2/kWh	35 gCO2/kWh
2024	40 gCO2/kWh	35 gCO2/kWh
2025	41 gCO2/kWh	39 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in France and Switzerland each year from 1990 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 7.15 MWh in France and 7.26 MWh in Switzerland.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in France and Switzerland, 1990 to 2025
Year	France	Switzerland
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	7.79 MWh	8.22 MWh
2001	7.92 MWh	8.39 MWh
2002	7.86 MWh	8.37 MWh
2003	8.11 MWh	8.49 MWh
2004	8.25 MWh	8.56 MWh
2005	8.26 MWh	8.63 MWh
2006	8.12 MWh	8.67 MWh
2007	8.09 MWh	8.53 MWh
2008	8.27 MWh	8.63 MWh
2009	7.97 MWh	8.34 MWh
2010	8.38 MWh	8.51 MWh
2011	8.02 MWh	8.27 MWh
2012	8.17 MWh	8.24 MWh
2013	8.21 MWh	8.19 MWh
2014	7.72 MWh	7.89 MWh
2015	7.86 MWh	7.85 MWh
2016	7.95 MWh	7.76 MWh
2017	7.90 MWh	7.77 MWh
2018	7.83 MWh	7.60 MWh
2019	7.73 MWh	7.50 MWh
2020	7.32 MWh	7.28 MWh
2021	7.65 MWh	7.52 MWh
2022	7.29 MWh	7.38 MWh
2023	7.05 MWh	7.18 MWh
2024	7.09 MWh	7.17 MWh
2025	7.15 MWh	7.26 MWh

France history · Switzerland history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

France vs Switzerland: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025

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