France vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared
France generated 574 TWh of electricity in 2025 and the United Kingdom 294 TWh, according to Ember. France's largest source was nuclear (68.3%); the United Kingdom's was gas (31.3%). Each kWh generated emitted 41 gCO2/kWh in France and 218 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Who is bigger and who is cleaner? France is the bigger electricity producer, generating 2.0 times as much as the United Kingdom in 2025 (574 TWh against 294 TWh). France has the cleaner electricity by carbon intensity, at 41 gCO2/kWh against 218 gCO2/kWh in the United Kingdom in 2025.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector, both among the 20 largest electricity users and a well known regional or sporting rivalry.
Open this comparison in the interactive tool to add more countries or change the metric.
Key Facts
- Nuclear supplied 68.3% of France's electricity in 2025, against 12.4% in the United Kingdom.
- The United Kingdom's electricity was 5.3 times as carbon intensive as France's in 2025, at 218 gCO2/kWh against 41 gCO2/kWh.
- Low carbon sources supplied 94.9% of France's electricity in 2025 and 64.2% of the United Kingdom's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 481 TWh in France and 312 TWh in the United Kingdom.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | France | United Kingdom |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 574 TWh | 294 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 481 TWh | 312 TWh |
| Demand per person | 7.15 MWh | 4.62 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 41 gCO2/kWh | 218 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 23.7 MtCO2 | 64.0 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 94.9% | 64.2% |
| Largest source | Nuclear 68.3% | Gas 31.3% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | France | United Kingdom |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 68.3% | 12.4% |
| Gas | 3.0% | 31.3% |
| Wind | 8.8% | 29.4% |
| Bioenergy | 1.8% | 13.9% |
| Hydro | 10.3% | 1.8% |
| Solar | 5.6% | 6.6% |
| Other fossil | 1.8% | 4.4% |
| Coal | 0.3% | 0.1% |
| Other renewables | 0.1% | 0.0% |
Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statistics| Year | France | United Kingdom |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | 694 gCO2/kWh |
| 1986 | n/a | 721 gCO2/kWh |
| 1987 | n/a | 737 gCO2/kWh |
| 1988 | n/a | 710 gCO2/kWh |
| 1989 | n/a | 689 gCO2/kWh |
| 1990 | 104 gCO2/kWh | 705 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 122 gCO2/kWh | 700 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 102 gCO2/kWh | 665 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 608 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 67 gCO2/kWh | 589 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 73 gCO2/kWh | 579 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 557 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 71 gCO2/kWh | 512 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 97 gCO2/kWh | 510 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 87 gCO2/kWh | 492 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 80 gCO2/kWh | 522 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 529 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 75 gCO2/kWh | 521 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 81 gCO2/kWh | 537 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 77 gCO2/kWh | 536 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 86 gCO2/kWh | 535 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 77 gCO2/kWh | 559 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 80 gCO2/kWh | 556 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 554 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 505 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 517 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 75 gCO2/kWh | 500 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 78 gCO2/kWh | 537 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 507 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 52 gCO2/kWh | 463 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 59 gCO2/kWh | 398 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 333 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 78 gCO2/kWh | 302 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 286 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 268 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 59 gCO2/kWh | 243 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 267 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 255 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 53 gCO2/kWh | 236 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 40 gCO2/kWh | 216 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 41 gCO2/kWh | 218 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statistics| Year | France | United Kingdom |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a | n/a |
| 1988 | n/a | n/a |
| 1989 | n/a | n/a |
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 7.79 MWh | 6.63 MWh |
| 2001 | 7.92 MWh | 6.67 MWh |
| 2002 | 7.86 MWh | 6.65 MWh |
| 2003 | 8.11 MWh | 6.69 MWh |
| 2004 | 8.25 MWh | 6.67 MWh |
| 2005 | 8.26 MWh | 6.71 MWh |
| 2006 | 8.12 MWh | 6.63 MWh |
| 2007 | 8.09 MWh | 6.53 MWh |
| 2008 | 8.27 MWh | 6.45 MWh |
| 2009 | 7.97 MWh | 6.07 MWh |
| 2010 | 8.38 MWh | 6.11 MWh |
| 2011 | 8.02 MWh | 5.89 MWh |
| 2012 | 8.17 MWh | 5.87 MWh |
| 2013 | 8.21 MWh | 5.79 MWh |
| 2014 | 7.72 MWh | 5.53 MWh |
| 2015 | 7.86 MWh | 5.51 MWh |
| 2016 | 7.95 MWh | 5.42 MWh |
| 2017 | 7.90 MWh | 5.32 MWh |
| 2018 | 7.83 MWh | 5.29 MWh |
| 2019 | 7.73 MWh | 5.19 MWh |
| 2020 | 7.32 MWh | 4.88 MWh |
| 2021 | 7.65 MWh | 4.92 MWh |
| 2022 | 7.29 MWh | 4.70 MWh |
| 2023 | 7.05 MWh | 4.60 MWh |
| 2024 | 7.09 MWh | 4.59 MWh |
| 2025 | 7.15 MWh | 4.62 MWh |
France history · United Kingdom history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Related
Cite this page
World Power Monitor. (2025). France vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared. https://worldpowermonitor.com/compare/france-vs-united-kingdom/
World Power Monitor. France vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared. Data as of 2025. Data from Ember. https://worldpowermonitor.com/compare/france-vs-united-kingdom/
@misc{wpm_compare_france_vs_united_kingdom_2025,
title = {{France vs United Kingdom: Electricity Compared}},
author = {{World Power Monitor}},
year = {2025},
note = {Data as of 2025. Data from Ember.},
url = {https://worldpowermonitor.com/compare/france-vs-united-kingdom/}
} Permalink: https://worldpowermonitor.com/compare/france-vs-united-kingdom/
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