Compare Countries' Electricity
Choose two to four of 215 countries and see how their electricity differs side by side: how much they generate and use, how carbon intensive it is, how much comes from low carbon sources and what fuels make it. Figures are Ember annual statistics for each country's latest year, most often 2025. Your choice is kept in the address bar so you can share it.
- Germany
- France
- Poland
Try: Germany, France, Poland · United States, China, India · Norway, Sweden, Denmark · Brazil, Argentina, Chile
Of these 3 countries, France has the lowest carbon intensity, 41 gCO2/kWh, and Poland the highest, 591 gCO2/kWh, in 2025.
| Measure | Germany | France | Poland |
|---|---|---|---|
| Year of figures | 2025 | 2025 | 2025 |
| Total generation | 497 TWh | 574 TWh | 172 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 517 TWh | 481 TWh | 173 TWh |
| Demand per person | 6.19 MWh/person | 7.15 MWh/person | 4.55 MWh/person |
| Carbon intensity | 334 gCO2/kWh | 41 gCO2/kWh | 591 gCO2/kWh |
| Low carbon share | 58.5% | 94.9% | 31.2% |
Generation mix
Germany 2025
France 2025
Poland 2025
Low carbon share over time
Show the chart data as a table
| Year | Germany | France | Poland |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 36.0% | 90.7% | 1.6% |
| 2001 | 36.1% | 91.6% | 1.9% |
| 2002 | 35.9% | 90.6% | 1.9% |
| 2003 | 35.2% | 89.9% | 1.5% |
| 2004 | 36.9% | 90.2% | 2.1% |
| 2005 | 36.9% | 89.0% | 2.5% |
| 2006 | 38.1% | 90.1% | 2.7% |
| 2007 | 36.4% | 89.7% | 3.4% |
| 2008 | 38.4% | 90.3% | 4.3% |
| 2009 | 39.3% | 90.4% | 5.8% |
| 2010 | 39.4% | 89.8% | 6.9% |
| 2011 | 38.4% | 89.6% | 8.1% |
| 2012 | 39.2% | 90.0% | 10.5% |
| 2013 | 39.6% | 90.7% | 10.4% |
| 2014 | 41.9% | 93.7% | 12.5% |
| 2015 | 43.8% | 92.2% | 13.8% |
| 2016 | 42.7% | 89.9% | 13.7% |
| 2017 | 45.3% | 88.2% | 14.2% |
| 2018 | 47.3% | 91.4% | 12.8% |
| 2019 | 52.7% | 90.5% | 15.6% |
| 2020 | 55.7% | 90.8% | 18.0% |
| 2021 | 52.1% | 91.1% | 17.1% |
| 2022 | 50.5% | 87.1% | 21.1% |
| 2023 | 56.1% | 92.1% | 27.7% |
| 2024 | 58.3% | 94.9% | 31.1% |
| 2025 | 58.5% | 94.9% | 31.2% |
Full side by side pages: Germany and France, Germany and Poland.
Key Facts
- The tool covers 215 countries and territories with Ember annual statistics, most often for 2025.
- It compares two to four countries at once: generation, electricity demand, demand per person, carbon intensity, low carbon share, the generation mix and the trend since 2000.
- Each country is shown in its own latest year, which is named in the table, so a country with slower reporting may be a year behind.
- 333 common pairs also have their own written comparison pages.
Methodology and caveats
- One source. Every figure is an Ember annual statistic. No grid operator data enters the comparison, so nothing here is a live reading.
- Latest year per country. The table names the year for each country. Comparing different years is fair for a broad picture but not for small differences.
- Low carbon share. The share of generation from nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, bioenergy, geothermal and other renewables. Coal, gas, oil and other fossil fuels are not low carbon.
- Carbon intensity. Ember's grams of CO2 per kWh of electricity generated in the country. It is not adjusted for imports and exports, so a country that imports much of its power can differ from what its consumers actually use.
- Demand and generation. Demand is electricity used in the country; generation is electricity produced there. The gap is net trade and losses.
- Charts. The chart starts in 2000 and leaves gaps where Ember has no value. The data table under the chart lists every point.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025 (annual statistics). Each country uses its latest available year.