Germany vs Poland: Electricity Compared

Germany generated 497 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Poland 172 TWh, according to Ember. Germany's largest source was wind (26.6%); Poland's was coal (50.6%). Each kWh generated emitted 334 gCO2/kWh in Germany and 591 gCO2/kWh in Poland. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.

Key Facts

Coal supplied 50.6% of Poland's electricity in 2025, against 21.0% in Germany.
Poland's electricity was 1.8 times as carbon intensive as Germany's in 2025, at 591 gCO2/kWh against 334 gCO2/kWh.
Low carbon sources supplied 58.5% of Germany's electricity in 2025 and 31.2% of Poland's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 517 TWh in Germany and 173 TWh in Poland.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Germany	Poland
Total generation	497 TWh	172 TWh
Electricity demand	517 TWh	173 TWh
Demand per person	6.19 MWh	4.55 MWh
Carbon intensity	334 gCO2/kWh	591 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	166 MtCO2	102 MtCO2
Low carbon share	58.5%	31.2%
Largest source	Wind 26.6%	Coal 50.6%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	Germany	Poland
Coal	21.0%	50.6%
Wind	26.6%	13.9%
Solar	18.1%	11.3%
Gas	16.8%	14.4%
Bioenergy	10.1%	4.9%
Other fossil	3.8%	3.7%
Hydro	3.7%	1.0%
Other renewables	0.1%	0.1%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Germany and Poland each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 334 gCO2/kWh in Germany and 591 gCO2/kWh in Poland.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Germany and Poland, 1985 to 2025
Year	Germany	Poland
1985	431 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1986	431 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1987	431 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1988	431 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1989	431 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1990	622 gCO2/kWh	967 gCO2/kWh
1991	628 gCO2/kWh	968 gCO2/kWh
1992	605 gCO2/kWh	967 gCO2/kWh
1993	608 gCO2/kWh	967 gCO2/kWh
1994	604 gCO2/kWh	964 gCO2/kWh
1995	596 gCO2/kWh	962 gCO2/kWh
1996	591 gCO2/kWh	961 gCO2/kWh
1997	575 gCO2/kWh	959 gCO2/kWh
1998	587 gCO2/kWh	957 gCO2/kWh
1999	566 gCO2/kWh	957 gCO2/kWh
2000	573 gCO2/kWh	955 gCO2/kWh
2001	565 gCO2/kWh	950 gCO2/kWh
2002	570 gCO2/kWh	946 gCO2/kWh
2003	570 gCO2/kWh	950 gCO2/kWh
2004	555 gCO2/kWh	941 gCO2/kWh
2005	546 gCO2/kWh	932 gCO2/kWh
2006	536 gCO2/kWh	932 gCO2/kWh
2007	552 gCO2/kWh	925 gCO2/kWh
2008	525 gCO2/kWh	919 gCO2/kWh
2009	522 gCO2/kWh	905 gCO2/kWh
2010	517 gCO2/kWh	893 gCO2/kWh
2011	530 gCO2/kWh	882 gCO2/kWh
2012	534 gCO2/kWh	861 gCO2/kWh
2013	538 gCO2/kWh	863 gCO2/kWh
2014	522 gCO2/kWh	844 gCO2/kWh
2015	504 gCO2/kWh	826 gCO2/kWh
2016	498 gCO2/kWh	819 gCO2/kWh
2017	470 gCO2/kWh	806 gCO2/kWh
2018	455 gCO2/kWh	809 gCO2/kWh
2019	392 gCO2/kWh	772 gCO2/kWh
2020	356 gCO2/kWh	738 gCO2/kWh
2021	395 gCO2/kWh	756 gCO2/kWh
2022	420 gCO2/kWh	733 gCO2/kWh
2023	364 gCO2/kWh	651 gCO2/kWh
2024	340 gCO2/kWh	608 gCO2/kWh
2025	334 gCO2/kWh	591 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Germany and Poland each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 6.19 MWh in Germany and 4.55 MWh in Poland.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Germany and Poland, 1985 to 2025
Year	Germany	Poland
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	6.99 MWh	3.58 MWh
2001	7.11 MWh	3.58 MWh
2002	7.24 MWh	3.54 MWh
2003	7.29 MWh	3.66 MWh
2004	7.39 MWh	3.75 MWh
2005	7.42 MWh	3.78 MWh
2006	7.51 MWh	3.93 MWh
2007	7.56 MWh	4.03 MWh
2008	7.55 MWh	4.05 MWh
2009	7.11 MWh	3.91 MWh
2010	7.54 MWh	4.08 MWh
2011	7.44 MWh	4.13 MWh
2012	7.41 MWh	4.15 MWh
2013	7.37 MWh	4.16 MWh
2014	7.19 MWh	4.20 MWh
2015	7.20 MWh	4.29 MWh
2016	7.14 MWh	4.39 MWh
2017	7.12 MWh	4.50 MWh
2018	7.00 MWh	4.58 MWh
2019	6.79 MWh	4.55 MWh
2020	6.55 MWh	4.47 MWh
2021	6.69 MWh	4.72 MWh
2022	6.42 MWh	4.61 MWh
2023	6.10 MWh	4.37 MWh
2024	6.18 MWh	4.52 MWh
2025	6.19 MWh	4.55 MWh

Germany history · Poland history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Germany vs Poland: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

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