Indonesia Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Indonesia generated 372 TWh of electricity in 2024, according to Ember. Coal was the largest source at 61.5%, followed by gas (18.5%) and hydro (7.3%). Demand was 373 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 681 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2024; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Indonesia generated 372 TWh of electricity in 2024.
- Coal supplied 61.5% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024.
- Gas supplied 18.5% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024.
- Hydro supplied 7.3% of Indonesia's electricity in 2024.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 18.1% of Indonesia's generation in 2024.
- The carbon intensity of Indonesia's electricity was 681 gCO2/kWh in 2024.
- Indonesia's carbon intensity in 2024 was 8% higher than in 2000, when it was 631 gCO2/kWh.
- Indonesia had the 13th highest electricity demand among the 197 countries with Ember data for 2024.
Key Figures, 2024
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 372 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 373 TWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 1.31 MWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Net imports | 960 GWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 681 gCO2/kWh | 2024 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 253 MtCO2 | 2024 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2024 data) | 13 of 197 | 2024 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2024
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Coal | 228 TWh | 61.5% |
| Gas | 68.8 TWh | 18.5% |
| Hydro | 27.3 TWh | 7.3% |
| Bioenergy | 21.3 TWh | 5.7% |
| Other renewables | 16.8 TWh | 4.5% |
| Other fossil | 7.12 TWh | 1.9% |
| Solar | 1.35 TWh | 0.4% |
| Wind | 470 GWh | 0.1% |
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 2000 to 2024| Year | Coal | Gas | Hydro | Bioenergy | Other renewables |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 34.0 TWh | 31.9 TWh | 10.0 TWh | 4.28 TWh | 5.30 TWh |
| 2001 | 37.7 TWh | 33.1 TWh | 11.7 TWh | 4.58 TWh | 5.96 TWh |
| 2002 | 42.9 TWh | 29.3 TWh | 9.93 TWh | 4.70 TWh | 6.37 TWh |
| 2003 | 46.5 TWh | 28.0 TWh | 9.10 TWh | 4.80 TWh | 5.92 TWh |
| 2004 | 48.2 TWh | 26.8 TWh | 9.67 TWh | 5.01 TWh | 6.29 TWh |
| 2005 | 51.8 TWh | 21.7 TWh | 10.7 TWh | 5.33 TWh | 6.60 TWh |
| 2006 | 58.7 TWh | 24.0 TWh | 9.62 TWh | 4.90 TWh | 6.66 TWh |
| 2007 | 63.9 TWh | 24.8 TWh | 11.3 TWh | 5.98 TWh | 7.02 TWh |
| 2008 | 61.5 TWh | 27.8 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 6.50 TWh | 8.31 TWh |
| 2009 | 65.9 TWh | 40.4 TWh | 11.4 TWh | 6.11 TWh | 9.30 TWh |
| 2010 | 68.5 TWh | 38.8 TWh | 17.5 TWh | 7.81 TWh | 9.36 TWh |
| 2011 | 81.1 TWh | 39.2 TWh | 12.4 TWh | 8.65 TWh | 9.39 TWh |
| 2012 | 102 TWh | 48.9 TWh | 12.8 TWh | 8.87 TWh | 9.44 TWh |
| 2013 | 111 TWh | 58.1 TWh | 16.9 TWh | 9.14 TWh | 9.43 TWh |
| 2014 | 120 TWh | 60.5 TWh | 15.2 TWh | 9.18 TWh | 10.1 TWh |
| 2015 | 125 TWh | 54.1 TWh | 13.7 TWh | 9.75 TWh | 10.1 TWh |
| 2016 | 135 TWh | 61.8 TWh | 18.7 TWh | 10.2 TWh | 10.7 TWh |
| 2017 | 148 TWh | 55.8 TWh | 18.6 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 13.1 TWh |
| 2018 | 160 TWh | 57.5 TWh | 21.6 TWh | 12.1 TWh | 14.3 TWh |
| 2019 | 174 TWh | 62.3 TWh | 21.2 TWh | 12.2 TWh | 14.1 TWh |
| 2020 | 181 TWh | 51.3 TWh | 24.3 TWh | 12.4 TWh | 15.6 TWh |
| 2021 | 190 TWh | 56.5 TWh | 24.7 TWh | 15.0 TWh | 15.9 TWh |
| 2022 | 205 TWh | 56.7 TWh | 27.3 TWh | 20.6 TWh | 16.7 TWh |
| 2023 | 217 TWh | 62.0 TWh | 24.6 TWh | 22.5 TWh | 16.9 TWh |
| 2024 | 228 TWh | 68.8 TWh | 27.3 TWh | 21.3 TWh | 16.8 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 372 TWh | 373 TWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 351 TWh | 351 TWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 334 TWh | 334 TWh | 676 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 309 TWh | 310 TWh | 685 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 292 TWh | 293 TWh | 685 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 295 TWh | 297 TWh | 694 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 284 TWh | 285 TWh | 684 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 266 TWh | 267 TWh | 689 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 258 TWh | 258 TWh | 689 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 243 TWh | 243 TWh | 697 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Indonesia, 2000 to 2024
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.
Indonesia Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Indonesia?
Coal was the largest source of electricity in Indonesia in 2024, supplying 61.5% of generation, followed by gas (18.5%) and hydro (7.3%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Indonesia use?
Indonesia used 373 TWh of electricity in 2024, about 1.31 MWh per person.
How clean is Indonesia's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Indonesia emitted 681 gCO2/kWh in 2024, and low carbon sources supplied 18.1% of generation. That is 44% above the world average of 472 gCO2/kWh.
Does Indonesia import electricity?
Yes. Indonesia imported 960 GWh more electricity than it exported in 2024.