Romania Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Romania generated 49.9 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Hydro was the largest source at 24.2%, followed by nuclear (20.5%) and gas (16.9%). Demand was 53.6 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 259 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through August 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Romania generated 49.9 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Hydro supplied 24.2% of Romania's electricity in 2025.
- Nuclear supplied 20.5% of Romania's electricity in 2025.
- Gas supplied 16.9% of Romania's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 67.6% of Romania's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of Romania's electricity was 259 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- Romania's carbon intensity in 2025 was 56% lower than in 1990, when it was 584 gCO2/kWh.
- Romania had the 48th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 49.9 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 53.6 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 2.84 MWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | 3.74 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 259 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 12.9 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 48 of 93 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1990 to 2025| Year | Hydro | Nuclear | Gas | Coal | Wind |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 11.4 TWh | 0 TWh | 22.6 TWh | 18.5 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1991 | 14.6 TWh | 0 TWh | 20.5 TWh | 15.6 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1992 | 11.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 19.5 TWh | 18.3 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1993 | 12.8 TWh | 0 TWh | 18.0 TWh | 19.1 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1994 | 13.1 TWh | 0 TWh | 16.6 TWh | 19.6 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1995 | 16.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 16.0 TWh | 20.6 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1996 | 15.8 TWh | 1.39 TWh | 16.7 TWh | 20.5 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1997 | 17.5 TWh | 5.40 TWh | 10.1 TWh | 16.9 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1998 | 18.9 TWh | 5.31 TWh | 10.2 TWh | 14.5 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1999 | 18.3 TWh | 5.20 TWh | 8.44 TWh | 14.7 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2000 | 14.8 TWh | 5.46 TWh | 9.00 TWh | 18.9 TWh | n/a |
| 2001 | 14.9 TWh | 5.45 TWh | 8.07 TWh | 19.7 TWh | n/a |
| 2002 | 16.1 TWh | 5.51 TWh | 8.97 TWh | 20.3 TWh | n/a |
| 2003 | 13.3 TWh | 4.91 TWh | 9.70 TWh | 23.3 TWh | n/a |
| 2004 | 16.5 TWh | 5.55 TWh | 10.5 TWh | 21.5 TWh | n/a |
| 2005 | 20.2 TWh | 5.55 TWh | 9.61 TWh | 21.9 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2006 | 18.4 TWh | 5.63 TWh | 11.8 TWh | 25.2 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2007 | 16.0 TWh | 7.71 TWh | 11.6 TWh | 25.1 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2008 | 17.2 TWh | 11.2 TWh | 9.92 TWh | 25.8 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 2009 | 15.5 TWh | 11.8 TWh | 7.63 TWh | 21.7 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2010 | 19.9 TWh | 11.6 TWh | 7.26 TWh | 20.7 TWh | 310 GWh |
| 2011 | 14.7 TWh | 11.8 TWh | 8.36 TWh | 24.8 TWh | 1.39 TWh |
| 2012 | 12.1 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 8.72 TWh | 22.9 TWh | 2.64 TWh |
| 2013 | 15.0 TWh | 11.6 TWh | 9.26 TWh | 16.9 TWh | 4.52 TWh |
| 2014 | 18.8 TWh | 11.7 TWh | 8.10 TWh | 17.8 TWh | 6.20 TWh |
| 2015 | 16.6 TWh | 11.6 TWh | 9.39 TWh | 18.1 TWh | 7.06 TWh |
| 2016 | 18.0 TWh | 11.3 TWh | 9.65 TWh | 15.9 TWh | 6.59 TWh |
| 2017 | 14.5 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 10.7 TWh | 16.8 TWh | 7.41 TWh |
| 2018 | 17.7 TWh | 11.4 TWh | 10.5 TWh | 15.7 TWh | 6.32 TWh |
| 2019 | 15.6 TWh | 11.3 TWh | 8.95 TWh | 13.6 TWh | 6.77 TWh |
| 2020 | 15.4 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 9.46 TWh | 9.36 TWh | 6.95 TWh |
| 2021 | 17.4 TWh | 11.3 TWh | 9.91 TWh | 10.7 TWh | 6.58 TWh |
| 2022 | 14.0 TWh | 11.1 TWh | 9.33 TWh | 10.4 TWh | 7.00 TWh |
| 2023 | 18.1 TWh | 11.2 TWh | 9.15 TWh | 8.06 TWh | 7.55 TWh |
| 2024 | 14.2 TWh | 10.9 TWh | 9.15 TWh | 7.96 TWh | 6.43 TWh |
| 2025 | 12.1 TWh | 10.2 TWh | 8.45 TWh | 7.55 TWh | 5.97 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 49.9 TWh | 53.6 TWh | 259 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 52.7 TWh | 55.7 TWh | 260 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 57.0 TWh | 53.9 TWh | 243 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 54.7 TWh | 56.0 TWh | 298 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 58.6 TWh | 60.8 TWh | 290 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 55.2 TWh | 58.0 TWh | 278 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 58.8 TWh | 60.3 TWh | 329 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 64.1 TWh | 61.5 TWh | 348 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 63.5 TWh | 60.7 TWh | 369 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 64.2 TWh | 59.2 TWh | 345 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Romania, 1990 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Month by Month
Ember monthly statistics through August 2026| Month | Demand | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-09 | 4.27 TWh | 4.12 TWh |
| 2024-10 | 4.62 TWh | 4.27 TWh |
| 2024-11 | 4.84 TWh | 4.22 TWh |
| 2024-12 | 4.87 TWh | 4.32 TWh |
| 2025-01 | 4.80 TWh | 4.27 TWh |
| 2025-02 | 4.65 TWh | 4.16 TWh |
| 2025-03 | 4.56 TWh | 4.37 TWh |
| 2025-04 | 4.22 TWh | 3.81 TWh |
| 2025-05 | 4.25 TWh | 3.92 TWh |
| 2025-06 | 4.33 TWh | 3.93 TWh |
| 2025-07 | 4.75 TWh | 4.23 TWh |
| 2025-08 | 4.37 TWh | 4.08 TWh |
| 2025-09 | 4.17 TWh | 3.84 TWh |
| 2025-10 | 5.12 TWh | 4.43 TWh |
| 2025-11 | 4.55 TWh | 4.48 TWh |
| 2025-12 | 4.82 TWh | 4.78 TWh |
| 2026-01 | 5.08 TWh | 4.72 TWh |
| 2026-02 | 4.63 TWh | 4.48 TWh |
| 2026-03 | 4.48 TWh | 4.70 TWh |
| 2026-04 | 3.94 TWh | 3.98 TWh |
| 2026-05 | 4.02 TWh | 3.75 TWh |
| 2026-06 | 4.21 TWh | 3.83 TWh |
| 2026-07 | 4.55 TWh | 4.28 TWh |
| 2026-08 | 4.52 TWh | 4.26 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of August 2026.
Romania Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Romania?
Hydro was the largest source of electricity in Romania in 2025, supplying 24.2% of generation, followed by nuclear (20.5%) and gas (16.9%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Romania use?
Romania used 53.6 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 2.84 MWh per person.
How clean is Romania's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Romania emitted 259 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 67.6% of generation. That is 44% below the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.
Does Romania import electricity?
Yes. Romania imported 3.74 TWh more electricity than it exported in 2025.