Portugal Electricity: Generation Mix, Demand and Emissions
Portugal generated 51.1 TWh of electricity in 2025, according to Ember. Hydro was the largest source at 29.7%, followed by wind (26.8%) and solar (17.3%). Demand was 60.4 TWh and each kWh generated emitted 128 gCO2/kWh. These are annual statistics for 2025, with monthly figures through August 2026; they are compiled from national sources and are not real time.
Key Facts
- Portugal generated 51.1 TWh of electricity in 2025.
- Hydro supplied 29.7% of Portugal's electricity in 2025.
- Wind supplied 26.8% of Portugal's electricity in 2025.
- Solar supplied 17.3% of Portugal's electricity in 2025.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 80.9% of Portugal's generation in 2025.
- The carbon intensity of Portugal's electricity was 128 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
- Portugal's carbon intensity in 2025 was 76% lower than in 1990, when it was 540 gCO2/kWh.
- Portugal had the 44th highest electricity demand among the 93 countries with Ember data for 2025.
Key Figures, 2025
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 51.1 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Electricity demand | 60.4 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand per person | 5.80 MWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Net imports | 9.29 TWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Carbon intensity | 128 gCO2/kWh | 2025 · Ember |
| Power sector emissions | 6.53 MtCO2 | 2025 · Ember |
| Demand rank (countries with 2025 data) | 44 of 93 | 2025 · Ember |
Generation Mix, 2025
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 15.2 TWh | 29.7% |
| Wind | 13.7 TWh | 26.8% |
| Solar | 8.85 TWh | 17.3% |
| Gas | 8.43 TWh | 16.5% |
| Bioenergy | 3.38 TWh | 6.6% |
| Other fossil | 1.34 TWh | 2.6% |
| Other renewables | 200 GWh | 0.4% |
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1990 to 2025Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
| Year | Hydro | Wind | Solar | Gas | Bioenergy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 9.14 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 690 GWh |
| 1991 | 9.03 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 810 GWh |
| 1992 | 4.61 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 880 GWh |
| 1993 | 8.52 TWh | 10.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 900 GWh |
| 1994 | 10.7 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 930 GWh |
| 1995 | 8.33 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 990 GWh |
| 1996 | 14.8 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh | 960 GWh |
| 1997 | 13.1 TWh | 40.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 90.0 GWh | 1.04 TWh |
| 1998 | 13.0 TWh | 90.0 GWh | 0 TWh | 2.02 TWh | 1.02 TWh |
| 1999 | 7.26 TWh | 120 GWh | 0 TWh | 8.07 TWh | 1.16 TWh |
| 2000 | 11.3 TWh | 170 GWh | 0 TWh | 7.14 TWh | 1.30 TWh |
| 2001 | 14.0 TWh | 260 GWh | 0 TWh | 7.21 TWh | 1.35 TWh |
| 2002 | 7.80 TWh | 360 GWh | 0 TWh | 9.04 TWh | 1.47 TWh |
| 2003 | 15.7 TWh | 500 GWh | 0 TWh | 7.74 TWh | 1.39 TWh |
| 2004 | 9.87 TWh | 820 GWh | 0 TWh | 11.7 TWh | 1.54 TWh |
| 2005 | 4.73 TWh | 1.77 TWh | 0 TWh | 13.6 TWh | 1.68 TWh |
| 2006 | 11.0 TWh | 2.93 TWh | 0 TWh | 12.3 TWh | 1.70 TWh |
| 2007 | 10.1 TWh | 4.04 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 13.1 TWh | 1.86 TWh |
| 2008 | 6.80 TWh | 5.76 TWh | 40.0 GWh | 15.2 TWh | 1.85 TWh |
| 2009 | 8.28 TWh | 7.58 TWh | 160 GWh | 14.7 TWh | 2.09 TWh |
| 2010 | 16.2 TWh | 9.18 TWh | 210 GWh | 14.9 TWh | 2.61 TWh |
| 2011 | 11.5 TWh | 9.16 TWh | 280 GWh | 14.9 TWh | 2.92 TWh |
| 2012 | 5.62 TWh | 10.3 TWh | 390 GWh | 10.7 TWh | 2.95 TWh |
| 2013 | 13.7 TWh | 12.0 TWh | 480 GWh | 7.23 TWh | 3.05 TWh |
| 2014 | 15.6 TWh | 12.1 TWh | 630 GWh | 6.83 TWh | 3.05 TWh |
| 2015 | 8.66 TWh | 11.6 TWh | 800 GWh | 10.6 TWh | 3.10 TWh |
| 2016 | 15.7 TWh | 12.5 TWh | 870 GWh | 12.6 TWh | 3.07 TWh |
| 2017 | 5.90 TWh | 12.3 TWh | 990 GWh | 18.9 TWh | 3.22 TWh |
| 2018 | 12.4 TWh | 12.6 TWh | 1.01 TWh | 15.6 TWh | 3.16 TWh |
| 2019 | 8.82 TWh | 13.7 TWh | 1.34 TWh | 17.3 TWh | 3.36 TWh |
| 2020 | 12.1 TWh | 12.3 TWh | 1.72 TWh | 17.6 TWh | 3.79 TWh |
| 2021 | 11.9 TWh | 13.2 TWh | 2.24 TWh | 15.6 TWh | 4.00 TWh |
| 2022 | 6.54 TWh | 13.3 TWh | 3.52 TWh | 17.4 TWh | 4.11 TWh |
| 2023 | 12.0 TWh | 13.2 TWh | 5.16 TWh | 10.4 TWh | 3.80 TWh |
| 2024 | 14.9 TWh | 14.4 TWh | 7.09 TWh | 5.63 TWh | 3.75 TWh |
| 2025 | 15.2 TWh | 13.7 TWh | 8.85 TWh | 8.43 TWh | 3.38 TWh |
| Year | Generation | Demand | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 51.1 TWh | 60.4 TWh | 128 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 47.3 TWh | 57.8 TWh | 111 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 46.1 TWh | 56.4 TWh | 158 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 46.3 TWh | 55.6 TWh | 225 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 49.2 TWh | 54.0 TWh | 211 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 51.4 TWh | 52.9 TWh | 248 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 51.6 TWh | 55.0 TWh | 301 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 58.4 TWh | 55.7 TWh | 359 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 57.6 TWh | 54.9 TWh | 434 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 59.1 TWh | 54.0 TWh | 344 gCO2/kWh |
Full year by year history for Portugal, 1990 to 2025
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Month by Month
Ember monthly statistics through August 2026Monthly statistics through August 2026, TWh
| Month | Demand | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-09 | 4.26 TWh | 2.82 TWh |
| 2024-10 | 4.42 TWh | 3.43 TWh |
| 2024-11 | 4.24 TWh | 3.45 TWh |
| 2024-12 | 4.82 TWh | 3.33 TWh |
| 2025-01 | 4.96 TWh | 4.42 TWh |
| 2025-02 | 4.36 TWh | 3.98 TWh |
| 2025-03 | 4.74 TWh | 4.57 TWh |
| 2025-04 | 4.07 TWh | 3.99 TWh |
| 2025-05 | 4.26 TWh | 4.00 TWh |
| 2025-06 | 4.39 TWh | 3.21 TWh |
| 2025-07 | 4.82 TWh | 3.47 TWh |
| 2025-08 | 4.55 TWh | 3.29 TWh |
| 2025-09 | 4.48 TWh | 3.38 TWh |
| 2025-10 | 4.55 TWh | 3.18 TWh |
| 2025-11 | 4.55 TWh | 3.73 TWh |
| 2025-12 | 4.86 TWh | 4.13 TWh |
| 2026-01 | 5.12 TWh | 4.82 TWh |
| 2026-02 | 4.14 TWh | 4.40 TWh |
| 2026-03 | 4.76 TWh | 4.33 TWh |
| 2026-04 | 4.28 TWh | 3.22 TWh |
| 2026-05 | 4.55 TWh | 3.33 TWh |
| 2026-06 | 4.56 TWh | 3.12 TWh |
| 2026-07 | 4.95 TWh | 3.35 TWh |
| 2026-08 | 4.59 TWh | 3.04 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of August 2026.
Portugal Electricity FAQ
What is the main source of electricity in Portugal?
Hydro was the largest source of electricity in Portugal in 2025, supplying 29.7% of generation, followed by wind (26.8%) and solar (17.3%). Figures are Ember annual statistics.
How much electricity does Portugal use?
Portugal used 60.4 TWh of electricity in 2025, about 5.80 MWh per person.
How clean is Portugal's electricity?
Generating a kilowatt hour of electricity in Portugal emitted 128 gCO2/kWh in 2025, and low carbon sources supplied 80.9% of generation. That is 72% below the world average of 459 gCO2/kWh.
Does Portugal import electricity?
Yes. Portugal imported 9.29 TWh more electricity than it exported in 2025.