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Data as of 2025
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Built 2026-09-19 (19 September 2026)

Spain Electricity History, 1990 to 2025

Spain generated 151 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 288 TWh in 2025. Spain's electricity demand peaked at 299 TWh in 2008. The carbon intensity of Spain's electricity went from 437 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 153 gCO2/kWh in 2025. Figures are Ember annual statistics; Ember's series for Spain starts in 1990.

Key Facts

  • Spain generated 151 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 288 TWh in 2025.
  • Spain's electricity demand peaked at 299 TWh in 2008.
  • The carbon intensity of Spain's electricity went from 437 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 153 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • Spain's lowest carbon intensity on record was 146 gCO2/kWh, in 2024.
  • Coal's share of Spain's electricity went from 39.5% in 1990 to 0.3% in 2025, the largest change of any source.

Generation and Demand

1990 to 2025, TWh
Spain electricity generation and demand, 1990 to 2025 Spain generated 151 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 288 TWh in 2025. 0 100 200 300 400 19901995200020052010201520202025
Spain generated 151 TWh of electricity in 1990 and 288 TWh in 2025.
Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
Spain electricity generation and demand, 1990 to 2025
YearGenerationDemand
1990151 TWh151 TWh
1991155 TWh154 TWh
1992157 TWh157 TWh
1993155 TWh156 TWh
1994160 TWh162 TWh
1995165 TWh170 TWh
1996173 TWh174 TWh
1997189 TWh186 TWh
1998193 TWh197 TWh
1999206 TWh211 TWh
2000221 TWh225 TWh
2001233 TWh237 TWh
2002240 TWh245 TWh
2003257 TWh259 TWh
2004277 TWh274 TWh
2005289 TWh288 TWh
2006296 TWh292 TWh
2007302 TWh296 TWh
2008310 TWh299 TWh
2009291 TWh283 TWh
2010298 TWh289 TWh
2011292 TWh285 TWh
2012294 TWh283 TWh
2013281 TWh275 TWh
2014274 TWh271 TWh
2015277 TWh277 TWh
2016271 TWh278 TWh
2017272 TWh282 TWh
2018271 TWh283 TWh
2019271 TWh277 TWh
2020259 TWh263 TWh
2021271 TWh272 TWh
2022287 TWh267 TWh
2023279 TWh265 TWh
2024281 TWh271 TWh
2025288 TWh275 TWh

Carbon Intensity

gCO2 per kWh generated
Spain carbon intensity of electricity, 1990 to 2025 The carbon intensity of Spain's electricity went from 437 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 153 gCO2/kWh in 2025. 0 125 250 375 500 19901995200020052010201520202025
The carbon intensity of Spain's electricity went from 437 gCO2/kWh in 1990 to 153 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
Annual statistics through 2025
Spain carbon intensity of electricity, 1990 to 2025
YearCarbon intensity
1990437 gCO2/kWh
1991427 gCO2/kWh
1992473 gCO2/kWh
1993444 gCO2/kWh
1994434 gCO2/kWh
1995466 gCO2/kWh
1996386 gCO2/kWh
1997431 gCO2/kWh
1998424 gCO2/kWh
1999483 gCO2/kWh
2000471 gCO2/kWh
2001422 gCO2/kWh
2002482 gCO2/kWh
2003429 gCO2/kWh
2004449 gCO2/kWh
2005475 gCO2/kWh
2006433 gCO2/kWh
2007439 gCO2/kWh
2008390 gCO2/kWh
2009355 gCO2/kWh
2010288 gCO2/kWh
2011337 gCO2/kWh
2012351 gCO2/kWh
2013287 gCO2/kWh
2014289 gCO2/kWh
2015328 gCO2/kWh
2016283 gCO2/kWh
2017329 gCO2/kWh
2018291 gCO2/kWh
2019247 gCO2/kWh
2020199 gCO2/kWh
2021194 gCO2/kWh
2022217 gCO2/kWh
2023170 gCO2/kWh
2024146 gCO2/kWh
2025153 gCO2/kWh

Every Year

YearGenerationDemandNet importsCarbon intensityLow carbon share
2025 288 TWh 275 TWh -12.8 TWh 153 gCO2/kWh 74.7%
2024 281 TWh 271 TWh -10.2 TWh 146 gCO2/kWh 76.8%
2023 279 TWh 265 TWh -14.0 TWh 170 gCO2/kWh 71.9%
2022 287 TWh 267 TWh -19.8 TWh 217 gCO2/kWh 63.2%
2021 271 TWh 272 TWh 850 GWh 194 gCO2/kWh 67.3%
2020 259 TWh 263 TWh 3.28 TWh 199 gCO2/kWh 66.3%
2019 271 TWh 277 TWh 6.86 TWh 247 gCO2/kWh 58.9%
2018 271 TWh 283 TWh 11.1 TWh 291 gCO2/kWh 58.8%
2017 272 TWh 282 TWh 9.17 TWh 329 gCO2/kWh 53.6%
2016 271 TWh 278 TWh 7.67 TWh 283 gCO2/kWh 60.3%
2015 277 TWh 277 TWh -130 GWh 328 gCO2/kWh 55.7%
2014 274 TWh 271 TWh -3.41 TWh 289 gCO2/kWh 61.1%
2013 281 TWh 275 TWh -6.75 TWh 287 gCO2/kWh 59.7%
2012 294 TWh 283 TWh -11.2 TWh 351 gCO2/kWh 50.5%
2011 292 TWh 285 TWh -6.09 TWh 337 gCO2/kWh 49.8%
2010 298 TWh 289 TWh -8.33 TWh 288 gCO2/kWh 53.7%
2009 291 TWh 283 TWh -8.10 TWh 355 gCO2/kWh 43.6%
2008 310 TWh 299 TWh -11.0 TWh 390 gCO2/kWh 39.1%
2007 302 TWh 296 TWh -5.75 TWh 439 gCO2/kWh 37.6%
2006 296 TWh 292 TWh -3.28 TWh 433 gCO2/kWh 38.0%
2005 289 TWh 288 TWh -1.34 TWh 475 gCO2/kWh 34.5%
2004 277 TWh 274 TWh -3.03 TWh 449 gCO2/kWh 41.1%
2003 257 TWh 259 TWh 1.26 TWh 429 gCO2/kWh 45.7%
2002 240 TWh 245 TWh 5.33 TWh 482 gCO2/kWh 40.1%
2001 233 TWh 237 TWh 3.45 TWh 422 gCO2/kWh 48.5%
2000 221 TWh 225 TWh 4.44 TWh 471 gCO2/kWh 43.8%
1999 206 TWh 211 TWh 5.72 TWh 483 gCO2/kWh 41.9%
1998 193 TWh 197 TWh 3.40 TWh 424 gCO2/kWh 49.6%
1997 189 TWh 186 TWh -3.07 TWh 431 gCO2/kWh 48.8%
1996 173 TWh 174 TWh 1.06 TWh 386 gCO2/kWh 56.3%
1995 165 TWh 170 TWh 4.49 TWh 466 gCO2/kWh 48.4%
1994 160 TWh 162 TWh 1.86 TWh 434 gCO2/kWh 52.7%
1993 155 TWh 156 TWh 1.27 TWh 444 gCO2/kWh 52.3%
1992 157 TWh 157 TWh 640 GWh 473 gCO2/kWh 48.1%
1991 155 TWh 154 TWh -680 GWh 427 gCO2/kWh 53.9%
1990 151 TWh 151 TWh -420 GWh 437 gCO2/kWh 53.1%

Share of Generation by Source

Percent of total generation
YearCoalGasOther fossilNuclearHydroWindSolarBioenergyOther renewables
20250.3%21.5%3.5%18.8%11.4%20.4%21.9%2.2%-0.0%
20240.9%18.6%3.7%19.4%12.3%22.1%20.8%2.2%0.0%
20231.3%23.1%3.8%20.4%9.0%23.0%17.4%2.1%0.0%
20222.7%30.0%4.1%20.4%6.1%21.9%12.4%2.4%0.0%
20211.8%26.4%4.5%20.9%10.9%22.9%10.0%2.6%0.0%
20202.1%26.9%4.7%22.5%11.8%21.8%8.0%2.4%0.0%
20194.8%30.9%5.4%21.6%9.1%20.6%5.6%2.1%0.0%
201813.8%21.4%6.1%20.6%12.7%18.8%4.7%2.2%0.0%
201716.6%23.5%6.3%21.3%6.7%18.0%5.3%2.2%0.0%
201613.5%19.5%6.7%21.7%13.5%18.1%5.0%2.1%0.0%
201518.5%18.9%6.9%20.6%10.2%17.8%5.0%2.1%0.0%
201416.0%17.2%5.8%20.9%14.3%19.0%5.0%2.0%0.0%
201314.2%20.4%5.6%20.2%13.1%19.8%4.7%2.1%0.0%
201218.7%24.9%5.8%20.9%7.0%16.8%4.1%1.7%0.0%
201115.1%29.3%5.8%19.8%10.5%14.7%3.2%1.6%0.0%
20108.5%31.9%6.0%20.8%14.2%14.9%2.4%1.4%0.0%
200912.4%37.1%7.0%18.2%9.1%13.1%2.1%1.2%0.0%
200815.7%39.0%6.2%19.0%7.5%10.6%0.8%1.1%0.0%
200724.1%31.4%6.9%18.3%9.1%9.1%0.2%1.0%0.0%
200622.6%30.6%8.8%20.3%8.8%7.9%0.0%0.9%0.0%
200527.3%27.3%10.9%19.9%6.4%7.3%0.0%0.9%0.0%
200428.6%20.1%10.2%23.0%11.2%5.7%0.0%1.2%0.0%
200329.0%15.3%9.9%24.1%15.7%4.7%0.0%1.2%0.0%
200233.8%13.5%12.6%26.3%8.9%3.9%0.0%1.1%0.0%
200130.2%10.0%11.3%27.3%17.5%2.9%0.0%0.7%0.0%
200035.8%9.1%11.3%28.2%12.8%2.1%0.0%0.7%0.0%
199935.8%9.3%13.1%28.6%11.1%1.3%0.0%0.8%0.0%
199831.8%8.4%10.2%30.5%17.6%0.7%0.0%0.8%0.0%
199733.1%9.6%8.5%29.2%18.4%0.4%0.0%0.8%0.0%
199631.1%3.9%8.6%32.5%23.0%0.2%0.0%0.6%0.0%
199539.9%2.3%9.4%33.6%14.0%0.2%0.0%0.6%0.0%
199438.4%2.0%6.9%34.5%17.6%0.1%0.0%0.4%0.0%
199340.2%0.8%6.7%36.1%15.7%0.1%0.0%0.4%0.0%
199241.0%1.1%9.8%35.6%12.1%0.1%0.0%0.4%0.0%
199138.0%0.9%7.2%35.9%17.6%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.0%
199039.5%1.0%6.4%35.9%16.9%0.0%0.0%0.4%0.0%

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.