China vs Pakistan: Electricity Compared

China generated 10,506 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Pakistan 171 TWh, according to Ember. China's largest source was coal (54.8%); Pakistan's was hydro (23.1%). Each kWh generated emitted 528 gCO2/kWh in China and 308 gCO2/kWh in Pakistan. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.

Key Facts

Coal supplied 54.8% of China's electricity in 2025, against 14.5% in Pakistan.
China's electricity was 1.7 times as carbon intensive as Pakistan's in 2025, at 528 gCO2/kWh against 308 gCO2/kWh.
The average person in China used 7.46 MWh of electricity in 2025, 10.7 times as much as in Pakistan (0.70 MWh).
Low carbon sources supplied 41.1% of China's electricity in 2025 and 61.0% of Pakistan's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 10,486 TWh in China and 172 TWh in Pakistan.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	China	Pakistan
Total generation	10,506 TWh	171 TWh
Electricity demand	10,486 TWh	172 TWh
Demand per person	7.46 MWh	0.70 MWh
Carbon intensity	528 gCO2/kWh	308 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	5,550 MtCO2	52.7 MtCO2
Low carbon share	41.1%	61.0%
Largest source	Coal 54.8%	Hydro 23.1%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	China	Pakistan
Coal	54.8%	14.5%
Hydro	13.3%	23.1%
Gas	3.2%	23.0%
Solar	11.2%	21.4%
Nuclear	4.6%	14.0%
Wind	10.7%	2.2%
Other fossil	0.9%	1.5%
Bioenergy	1.3%	0.4%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in China and Pakistan each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 528 gCO2/kWh in China and 308 gCO2/kWh in Pakistan.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in China and Pakistan, 1985 to 2025
Year	China	Pakistan
1985	709 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1986	728 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1987	739 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1988	740 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1989	740 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1990	745 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1991	766 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1992	778 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1993	759 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1994	761 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1995	753 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1996	771 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1997	772 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1998	774 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1999	787 gCO2/kWh	n/a
2000	784 gCO2/kWh	500 gCO2/kWh
2001	763 gCO2/kWh	484 gCO2/kWh
2002	773 gCO2/kWh	466 gCO2/kWh
2003	791 gCO2/kWh	442 gCO2/kWh
2004	779 gCO2/kWh	462 gCO2/kWh
2005	782 gCO2/kWh	442 gCO2/kWh
2006	787 gCO2/kWh	443 gCO2/kWh
2007	785 gCO2/kWh	457 gCO2/kWh
2008	747 gCO2/kWh	459 gCO2/kWh
2009	753 gCO2/kWh	458 gCO2/kWh
2010	742 gCO2/kWh	430 gCO2/kWh
2011	754 gCO2/kWh	443 gCO2/kWh
2012	722 gCO2/kWh	432 gCO2/kWh
2013	719 gCO2/kWh	436 gCO2/kWh
2014	696 gCO2/kWh	433 gCO2/kWh
2015	670 gCO2/kWh	432 gCO2/kWh
2016	653 gCO2/kWh	457 gCO2/kWh
2017	646 gCO2/kWh	486 gCO2/kWh
2018	639 gCO2/kWh	485 gCO2/kWh
2019	622 gCO2/kWh	469 gCO2/kWh
2020	609 gCO2/kWh	464 gCO2/kWh
2021	602 gCO2/kWh	453 gCO2/kWh
2022	590 gCO2/kWh	401 gCO2/kWh
2023	586 gCO2/kWh	365 gCO2/kWh
2024	559 gCO2/kWh	334 gCO2/kWh
2025	528 gCO2/kWh	308 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in China and Pakistan each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 7.46 MWh in China and 0.70 MWh in Pakistan.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in China and Pakistan, 1985 to 2025
Year	China	Pakistan
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	1.06 MWh	0.43 MWh
2001	1.15 MWh	0.45 MWh
2002	1.28 MWh	0.46 MWh
2003	1.47 MWh	0.49 MWh
2004	1.69 MWh	0.50 MWh
2005	1.90 MWh	0.54 MWh
2006	2.17 MWh	0.56 MWh
2007	2.47 MWh	0.52 MWh
2008	2.61 MWh	0.49 MWh
2009	2.76 MWh	0.50 MWh
2010	3.10 MWh	0.48 MWh
2011	3.46 MWh	0.47 MWh
2012	3.63 MWh	0.47 MWh
2013	3.93 MWh	0.50 MWh
2014	4.17 MWh	0.51 MWh
2015	4.16 MWh	0.52 MWh
2016	4.36 MWh	0.56 MWh
2017	4.67 MWh	0.59 MWh
2018	5.04 MWh	0.57 MWh
2019	5.26 MWh	0.59 MWh
2020	5.44 MWh	0.58 MWh
2021	5.97 MWh	0.62 MWh
2022	6.20 MWh	0.63 MWh
2023	6.64 MWh	0.60 MWh
2024	7.10 MWh	0.63 MWh
2025	7.46 MWh	0.70 MWh

China history · Pakistan history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

China vs Pakistan: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

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