Netherlands vs Norway: Electricity Compared
The Netherlands generated 135 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Norway 161 TWh, according to Ember. The Netherlands' largest source was gas (34.9%); Norway's was hydro (90.0%). Each kWh generated emitted 254 gCO2/kWh in the Netherlands and 28 gCO2/kWh in Norway. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector and similar electricity demand on the same continent.
Key Facts
- Hydro supplied 90.0% of Norway's electricity in 2025, against 0.1% in the Netherlands.
- The Netherlands' electricity was 9.0 times as carbon intensive as Norway's in 2025, at 254 gCO2/kWh against 28 gCO2/kWh.
- The average person in Norway used 24.50 MWh of electricity in 2025, 3.7 times as much as in the Netherlands (6.60 MWh).
- Low carbon sources supplied 54.2% of the Netherlands' electricity in 2025 and 99.0% of Norway's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 121 TWh in the Netherlands and 138 TWh in Norway.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Netherlands | Norway |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 135 TWh | 161 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 121 TWh | 138 TWh |
| Demand per person | 6.60 MWh | 24.50 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 254 gCO2/kWh | 28 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 34.3 MtCO2 | 4.51 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 54.2% | 99.0% |
| Largest source | Gas 34.9% | Hydro 90.0% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | Netherlands | Norway |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 0.1% | 90.0% |
| Gas | 34.9% | 0.6% |
| Wind | 25.0% | 8.4% |
| Solar | 21.1% | 0.3% |
| Coal | 7.1% | 0.0% |
| Bioenergy | 5.1% | 0.2% |
| Other fossil | 3.9% | 0.4% |
| Nuclear | 3.0% | 0.0% |
| Other renewables | 0.0% | 0.1% |
Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Netherlands | Norway |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 588 gCO2/kWh | 25 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 567 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 557 gCO2/kWh | 25 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 548 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 562 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 579 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 559 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 557 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 555 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 533 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 540 gCO2/kWh | 26 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 541 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 539 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 541 gCO2/kWh | 28 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 523 gCO2/kWh | 28 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 512 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 511 gCO2/kWh | 28 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 510 gCO2/kWh | 29 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 494 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 487 gCO2/kWh | 39 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 478 gCO2/kWh | 43 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 472 gCO2/kWh | 38 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 494 gCO2/kWh | 32 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 501 gCO2/kWh | 34 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 521 gCO2/kWh | 34 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 551 gCO2/kWh | 34 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 525 gCO2/kWh | 33 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 490 gCO2/kWh | 33 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 467 gCO2/kWh | 33 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 410 gCO2/kWh | 33 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 343 gCO2/kWh | 30 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 352 gCO2/kWh | 27 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 326 gCO2/kWh | 30 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 268 gCO2/kWh | 30 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 251 gCO2/kWh | 30 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 254 gCO2/kWh | 28 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Netherlands | Norway |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 6.66 MWh | 27.49 MWh |
| 2001 | 6.76 MWh | 27.67 MWh |
| 2002 | 6.82 MWh | 26.56 MWh |
| 2003 | 6.87 MWh | 25.09 MWh |
| 2004 | 7.07 MWh | 26.47 MWh |
| 2005 | 7.10 MWh | 27.08 MWh |
| 2006 | 7.21 MWh | 26.19 MWh |
| 2007 | 7.34 MWh | 26.77 MWh |
| 2008 | 7.35 MWh | 26.71 MWh |
| 2009 | 7.03 MWh | 25.26 MWh |
| 2010 | 7.21 MWh | 26.73 MWh |
| 2011 | 7.22 MWh | 24.80 MWh |
| 2012 | 7.06 MWh | 25.58 MWh |
| 2013 | 7.00 MWh | 25.22 MWh |
| 2014 | 6.86 MWh | 24.39 MWh |
| 2015 | 6.88 MWh | 24.73 MWh |
| 2016 | 6.91 MWh | 25.14 MWh |
| 2017 | 6.90 MWh | 25.23 MWh |
| 2018 | 6.95 MWh | 25.56 MWh |
| 2019 | 6.89 MWh | 25.03 MWh |
| 2020 | 6.76 MWh | 24.88 MWh |
| 2021 | 6.83 MWh | 25.80 MWh |
| 2022 | 6.46 MWh | 24.36 MWh |
| 2023 | 6.32 MWh | 24.62 MWh |
| 2024 | 6.48 MWh | 24.87 MWh |
| 2025 | 6.60 MWh | 24.50 MWh |
Netherlands history · Norway history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.