Hungary vs Ukraine: Electricity Compared

Hungary generated 35.8 TWh of electricity in 2022 and Ukraine 112 TWh, according to Ember. Nuclear was the largest source in both, at 44.2% in Hungary and 55.8% in Ukraine. Each kWh generated emitted 229 gCO2/kWh in Hungary and 251 gCO2/kWh in Ukraine. These are Ember annual statistics for 2022, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Ember's latest annual figures for Ukraine are for 2022, while Hungary has figures to 2025, so this comparison uses 2022 for both.

Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.

Key Facts

Gas supplied 24.8% of Hungary's electricity in 2022, against 6.4% in Ukraine.
Electricity demand rose 5% in Hungary between 2017 and 2022, while it fell 26% in Ukraine.
Low carbon sources supplied 65.6% of Hungary's electricity in 2022 and 72.2% of Ukraine's.
Electricity demand in 2022 was 47.9 TWh in Hungary and 112 TWh in Ukraine.

Key Figures, 2022

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Hungary	Ukraine
Total generation	35.8 TWh	112 TWh
Electricity demand	47.9 TWh	112 TWh
Demand per person	4.95 MWh	2.72 MWh
Carbon intensity	229 gCO2/kWh	251 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	8.19 MtCO2	27.9 MtCO2
Low carbon share	65.6%	72.2%
Largest source	Nuclear 44.2%	Nuclear 55.8%

Generation Mix, 2022

Share of generation

Source	Hungary	Ukraine
Nuclear	44.2%	55.8%
Gas	24.8%	6.4%
Coal	8.4%	20.9%
Solar	13.2%	4.6%
Hydro	0.5%	9.9%
Bioenergy	6.0%	0.7%
Wind	1.7%	1.3%
Other fossil	1.3%	0.5%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Hungary and Ukraine each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2022 it was 229 gCO2/kWh in Hungary and 251 gCO2/kWh in Ukraine.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Hungary and Ukraine, 1985 to 2025
Year	Hungary	Ukraine
1985	n/a	617 gCO2/kWh
1986	n/a	649 gCO2/kWh
1987	n/a	635 gCO2/kWh
1988	n/a	579 gCO2/kWh
1989	n/a	598 gCO2/kWh
1990	415 gCO2/kWh	576 gCO2/kWh
1991	417 gCO2/kWh	561 gCO2/kWh
1992	443 gCO2/kWh	565 gCO2/kWh
1993	454 gCO2/kWh	520 gCO2/kWh
1994	445 gCO2/kWh	505 gCO2/kWh
1995	450 gCO2/kWh	490 gCO2/kWh
1996	452 gCO2/kWh	429 gCO2/kWh
1997	459 gCO2/kWh	417 gCO2/kWh
1998	463 gCO2/kWh	395 gCO2/kWh
1999	466 gCO2/kWh	416 gCO2/kWh
2000	451 gCO2/kWh	403 gCO2/kWh
2001	439 gCO2/kWh	409 gCO2/kWh
2002	432 gCO2/kWh	414 gCO2/kWh
2003	469 gCO2/kWh	411 gCO2/kWh
2004	431 gCO2/kWh	368 gCO2/kWh
2005	383 gCO2/kWh	375 gCO2/kWh
2006	390 gCO2/kWh	404 gCO2/kWh
2007	386 gCO2/kWh	416 gCO2/kWh
2008	376 gCO2/kWh	418 gCO2/kWh
2009	344 gCO2/kWh	410 gCO2/kWh
2010	341 gCO2/kWh	410 gCO2/kWh
2011	341 gCO2/kWh	428 gCO2/kWh
2012	333 gCO2/kWh	442 gCO2/kWh
2013	318 gCO2/kWh	449 gCO2/kWh
2014	300 gCO2/kWh	418 gCO2/kWh
2015	298 gCO2/kWh	380 gCO2/kWh
2016	300 gCO2/kWh	409 gCO2/kWh
2017	290 gCO2/kWh	347 gCO2/kWh
2018	284 gCO2/kWh	349 gCO2/kWh
2019	266 gCO2/kWh	342 gCO2/kWh
2020	257 gCO2/kWh	325 gCO2/kWh
2021	239 gCO2/kWh	279 gCO2/kWh
2022	229 gCO2/kWh	251 gCO2/kWh
2023	196 gCO2/kWh	n/a
2024	184 gCO2/kWh	n/a
2025	163 gCO2/kWh	n/a

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Hungary and Ukraine each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2022 it was 4.95 MWh in Hungary and 2.72 MWh in Ukraine.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Hungary and Ukraine, 1985 to 2025
Year	Hungary	Ukraine
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	3.79 MWh	3.39 MWh
2001	3.89 MWh	3.47 MWh
2002	3.99 MWh	3.51 MWh
2003	4.06 MWh	3.64 MWh
2004	4.08 MWh	3.69 MWh
2005	4.17 MWh	3.74 MWh
2006	4.29 MWh	3.87 MWh
2007	4.38 MWh	3.98 MWh
2008	4.39 MWh	3.97 MWh
2009	4.14 MWh	3.63 MWh
2010	4.27 MWh	3.98 MWh
2011	4.29 MWh	4.07 MWh
2012	4.30 MWh	4.06 MWh
2013	4.26 MWh	4.00 MWh
2014	4.34 MWh	3.79 MWh
2015	4.47 MWh	3.55 MWh
2016	4.55 MWh	3.53 MWh
2017	4.68 MWh	3.32 MWh
2018	4.75 MWh	3.40 MWh
2019	4.80 MWh	3.34 MWh
2020	4.78 MWh	3.25 MWh
2021	5.03 MWh	3.49 MWh
2022	4.95 MWh	2.72 MWh
2023	4.82 MWh	n/a
2024	5.04 MWh	n/a
2025	5.11 MWh	n/a

Hungary history · Ukraine history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2022.

Hungary vs Ukraine: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2022

Generation Mix, 2022

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Related