Brazil vs Italy: Electricity Compared
Brazil generated 752 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Italy 266 TWh, according to Ember. Brazil's largest source was hydro (51.7%); Italy's was gas (47.3%). Each kWh generated emitted 110 gCO2/kWh in Brazil and 284 gCO2/kWh in Italy. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.
Key Facts
- Gas supplied 47.3% of Italy's electricity in 2025, against 7.3% in Brazil.
- Italy's electricity was 2.6 times as carbon intensive as Brazil's in 2025, at 284 gCO2/kWh against 110 gCO2/kWh.
- Low carbon sources supplied 88.7% of Brazil's electricity in 2025 and 48.8% of Italy's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 764 TWh in Brazil and 313 TWh in Italy.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Brazil | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 752 TWh | 266 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 764 TWh | 313 TWh |
| Demand per person | 3.58 MWh | 5.27 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 110 gCO2/kWh | 284 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 82.6 MtCO2 | 75.6 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 88.7% | 48.8% |
| Largest source | Hydro 51.7% | Gas 47.3% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | Brazil | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 51.7% | 15.8% |
| Gas | 7.3% | 47.3% |
| Solar | 12.0% | 16.8% |
| Wind | 15.6% | 8.1% |
| Bioenergy | 7.3% | 5.9% |
| Other fossil | 1.7% | 2.6% |
| Other renewables | 0.0% | 2.3% |
| Coal | 2.3% | 1.3% |
| Nuclear | 2.1% | 0.0% |
Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Brazil | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 61 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1986 | 85 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1987 | 74 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1988 | 66 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1989 | 66 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1990 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 564 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 62 gCO2/kWh | 534 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 63 gCO2/kWh | 527 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 61 gCO2/kWh | 518 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 61 gCO2/kWh | 518 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 63 gCO2/kWh | 542 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 68 gCO2/kWh | 525 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 71 gCO2/kWh | 520 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 71 gCO2/kWh | 520 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 90 gCO2/kWh | 501 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 89 gCO2/kWh | 502 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 106 gCO2/kWh | 499 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 97 gCO2/kWh | 523 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 91 gCO2/kWh | 523 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 102 gCO2/kWh | 511 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 99 gCO2/kWh | 510 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 96 gCO2/kWh | 507 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 91 gCO2/kWh | 505 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 114 gCO2/kWh | 485 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 87 gCO2/kWh | 459 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 114 gCO2/kWh | 446 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 100 gCO2/kWh | 446 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 128 gCO2/kWh | 438 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 168 gCO2/kWh | 399 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 193 gCO2/kWh | 379 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 189 gCO2/kWh | 399 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 150 gCO2/kWh | 390 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 156 gCO2/kWh | 393 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 137 gCO2/kWh | 367 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 142 gCO2/kWh | 351 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 133 gCO2/kWh | 334 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 168 gCO2/kWh | 339 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 103 gCO2/kWh | 378 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 96 gCO2/kWh | 323 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 106 gCO2/kWh | 281 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 110 gCO2/kWh | 284 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Brazil | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a | n/a |
| 1988 | n/a | n/a |
| 1989 | n/a | n/a |
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 2.25 MWh | 5.49 MWh |
| 2001 | 2.08 MWh | 5.59 MWh |
| 2002 | 2.14 MWh | 5.71 MWh |
| 2003 | 2.23 MWh | 5.84 MWh |
| 2004 | 2.33 MWh | 5.83 MWh |
| 2005 | 2.39 MWh | 5.88 MWh |
| 2006 | 2.47 MWh | 5.97 MWh |
| 2007 | 2.57 MWh | 5.96 MWh |
| 2008 | 2.66 MWh | 5.90 MWh |
| 2009 | 2.64 MWh | 5.53 MWh |
| 2010 | 2.84 MWh | 5.66 MWh |
| 2011 | 2.91 MWh | 5.70 MWh |
| 2012 | 3.01 MWh | 5.59 MWh |
| 2013 | 3.08 MWh | 5.41 MWh |
| 2014 | 3.12 MWh | 5.28 MWh |
| 2015 | 3.05 MWh | 5.38 MWh |
| 2016 | 3.05 MWh | 5.34 MWh |
| 2017 | 3.06 MWh | 5.46 MWh |
| 2018 | 3.09 MWh | 5.47 MWh |
| 2019 | 3.17 MWh | 5.46 MWh |
| 2020 | 3.13 MWh | 5.16 MWh |
| 2021 | 3.24 MWh | 5.50 MWh |
| 2022 | 3.28 MWh | 5.42 MWh |
| 2023 | 3.43 MWh | 5.26 MWh |
| 2024 | 3.57 MWh | 5.37 MWh |
| 2025 | 3.58 MWh | 5.27 MWh |
Brazil history · Italy history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.