Germany vs Iran: Electricity Compared
Germany generated 497 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Iran 398 TWh, according to Ember. Germany's largest source was wind (26.6%); Iran's was gas (88.3%). Each kWh generated emitted 334 gCO2/kWh in Germany and 658 gCO2/kWh in Iran. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.
Key Facts
- Gas supplied 88.3% of Iran's electricity in 2025, against 16.8% in Germany.
- Iran's electricity was 2.0 times as carbon intensive as Germany's in 2025, at 658 gCO2/kWh against 334 gCO2/kWh.
- Electricity demand rose 20% in Iran between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 6% in Germany.
- Carbon intensity rose 4% in Iran between 2020 and 2025, while it fell 6% in Germany.
- Low carbon sources supplied 58.5% of Germany's electricity in 2025 and 5.9% of Iran's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 517 TWh in Germany and 397 TWh in Iran.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Germany | Iran |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 497 TWh | 398 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 517 TWh | 397 TWh |
| Demand per person | 6.19 MWh | 4.28 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 334 gCO2/kWh | 658 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 166 MtCO2 | 262 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 58.5% | 5.9% |
| Largest source | Wind 26.6% | Gas 88.3% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generation| Source | Germany | Iran |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 16.8% | 88.3% |
| Wind | 26.6% | 0.3% |
| Coal | 21.0% | 0.2% |
| Solar | 18.1% | 0.2% |
| Bioenergy | 10.1% | 0.0% |
| Other fossil | 3.8% | 5.7% |
| Hydro | 3.7% | 3.5% |
| Nuclear | 0.0% | 1.8% |
| Other renewables | 0.1% | 0.0% |
Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Germany | Iran |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 431 gCO2/kWh | 577 gCO2/kWh |
| 1986 | 431 gCO2/kWh | 568 gCO2/kWh |
| 1987 | 431 gCO2/kWh | 561 gCO2/kWh |
| 1988 | 431 gCO2/kWh | 565 gCO2/kWh |
| 1989 | 431 gCO2/kWh | 597 gCO2/kWh |
| 1990 | 622 gCO2/kWh | 599 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | 628 gCO2/kWh | 625 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | 605 gCO2/kWh | 595 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | 608 gCO2/kWh | 592 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | 604 gCO2/kWh | 629 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | 596 gCO2/kWh | 619 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | 591 gCO2/kWh | 619 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | 575 gCO2/kWh | 645 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | 587 gCO2/kWh | 641 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | 566 gCO2/kWh | 659 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 573 gCO2/kWh | 667 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 565 gCO2/kWh | 668 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 570 gCO2/kWh | 652 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 570 gCO2/kWh | 649 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 555 gCO2/kWh | 642 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 546 gCO2/kWh | 636 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 536 gCO2/kWh | 625 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 552 gCO2/kWh | 631 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 525 gCO2/kWh | 662 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 522 gCO2/kWh | 667 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 517 gCO2/kWh | 661 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 530 gCO2/kWh | 654 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 534 gCO2/kWh | 648 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 538 gCO2/kWh | 634 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 522 gCO2/kWh | 644 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 504 gCO2/kWh | 651 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 498 gCO2/kWh | 642 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 470 gCO2/kWh | 642 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 455 gCO2/kWh | 658 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 392 gCO2/kWh | 605 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 356 gCO2/kWh | 630 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 395 gCO2/kWh | 658 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 420 gCO2/kWh | 651 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 364 gCO2/kWh | 638 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 340 gCO2/kWh | 643 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 334 gCO2/kWh | 658 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Germany | Iran |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | n/a | n/a |
| 1986 | n/a | n/a |
| 1987 | n/a | n/a |
| 1988 | n/a | n/a |
| 1989 | n/a | n/a |
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 6.99 MWh | 1.79 MWh |
| 2001 | 7.11 MWh | 1.89 MWh |
| 2002 | 7.24 MWh | 2.04 MWh |
| 2003 | 7.29 MWh | 2.21 MWh |
| 2004 | 7.39 MWh | 2.32 MWh |
| 2005 | 7.42 MWh | 2.46 MWh |
| 2006 | 7.51 MWh | 2.63 MWh |
| 2007 | 7.56 MWh | 2.71 MWh |
| 2008 | 7.55 MWh | 2.76 MWh |
| 2009 | 7.11 MWh | 2.85 MWh |
| 2010 | 7.54 MWh | 3.00 MWh |
| 2011 | 7.44 MWh | 2.94 MWh |
| 2012 | 7.41 MWh | 3.04 MWh |
| 2013 | 7.37 MWh | 3.12 MWh |
| 2014 | 7.19 MWh | 3.31 MWh |
| 2015 | 7.20 MWh | 3.36 MWh |
| 2016 | 7.14 MWh | 3.39 MWh |
| 2017 | 7.12 MWh | 3.54 MWh |
| 2018 | 7.00 MWh | 3.58 MWh |
| 2019 | 6.79 MWh | 3.58 MWh |
| 2020 | 6.55 MWh | 3.77 MWh |
| 2021 | 6.69 MWh | 3.95 MWh |
| 2022 | 6.42 MWh | 4.03 MWh |
| 2023 | 6.10 MWh | 4.14 MWh |
| 2024 | 6.18 MWh | 4.30 MWh |
| 2025 | 6.19 MWh | 4.28 MWh |
Germany history · Iran history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.