Kosovo vs North Macedonia: Electricity Compared
Kosovo generated 5.87 TWh of electricity in 2025 and North Macedonia 7.10 TWh, according to Ember. Kosovo's largest source was coal (88.9%); North Macedonia's was solar (31.1%). Each kWh generated emitted 902 gCO2/kWh in Kosovo and 407 gCO2/kWh in North Macedonia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Why this comparison: neighbours by land border or interconnector.
Key Facts
- Coal supplied 88.9% of Kosovo's electricity in 2025, against 29.2% in North Macedonia.
- Kosovo's electricity was 2.2 times as carbon intensive as North Macedonia's in 2025, at 902 gCO2/kWh against 407 gCO2/kWh.
- Low carbon sources supplied 10.9% of Kosovo's electricity in 2025 and 53.1% of North Macedonia's.
- Electricity demand in 2025 was 7.42 TWh in Kosovo and 8.48 TWh in North Macedonia.
Key Figures, 2025
Ember annual statistics| Measure | Kosovo | North Macedonia |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 5.87 TWh | 7.10 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 7.42 TWh | 8.48 TWh |
| Demand per person | 4.43 MWh | 4.68 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 902 gCO2/kWh | 407 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 5.29 MtCO2 | 2.89 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 10.9% | 53.1% |
| Largest source | Coal 88.9% | Solar 31.1% |
Generation Mix, 2025
Share of generationCarbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | Kosovo | North Macedonia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | 925 gCO2/kWh |
| 1991 | n/a | 866 gCO2/kWh |
| 1992 | n/a | 873 gCO2/kWh |
| 1993 | n/a | 910 gCO2/kWh |
| 1994 | n/a | 898 gCO2/kWh |
| 1995 | n/a | 884 gCO2/kWh |
| 1996 | n/a | 885 gCO2/kWh |
| 1997 | n/a | 879 gCO2/kWh |
| 1998 | n/a | 861 gCO2/kWh |
| 1999 | n/a | 813 gCO2/kWh |
| 2000 | 992 gCO2/kWh | 823 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 996 gCO2/kWh | 908 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 996 gCO2/kWh | 879 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 994 gCO2/kWh | 813 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 982 gCO2/kWh | 794 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 984 gCO2/kWh | 802 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 986 gCO2/kWh | 769 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 990 gCO2/kWh | 835 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 994 gCO2/kWh | 873 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 987 gCO2/kWh | 818 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 979 gCO2/kWh | 678 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 993 gCO2/kWh | 795 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 994 gCO2/kWh | 820 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 989 gCO2/kWh | 719 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 983 gCO2/kWh | 748 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 988 gCO2/kWh | 634 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 969 gCO2/kWh | 592 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 980 gCO2/kWh | 705 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 960 gCO2/kWh | 597 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 962 gCO2/kWh | 701 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 957 gCO2/kWh | 624 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 945 gCO2/kWh | 565 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 945 gCO2/kWh | 626 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 885 gCO2/kWh | 567 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 925 gCO2/kWh | 512 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 902 gCO2/kWh | 407 gCO2/kWh |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | Kosovo | North Macedonia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 1.85 MWh | 3.36 MWh |
| 2001 | 2.31 MWh | 3.29 MWh |
| 2002 | 2.29 MWh | 3.32 MWh |
| 2003 | 2.24 MWh | 3.69 MWh |
| 2004 | 2.49 MWh | 3.76 MWh |
| 2005 | 2.60 MWh | 4.09 MWh |
| 2006 | 2.60 MWh | 4.21 MWh |
| 2007 | 2.80 MWh | 4.32 MWh |
| 2008 | 3.09 MWh | 4.37 MWh |
| 2009 | 3.04 MWh | 4.01 MWh |
| 2010 | 3.15 MWh | 4.23 MWh |
| 2011 | 3.47 MWh | 4.63 MWh |
| 2012 | 3.37 MWh | 4.41 MWh |
| 2013 | 3.40 MWh | 4.23 MWh |
| 2014 | 3.27 MWh | 4.18 MWh |
| 2015 | 3.51 MWh | 4.12 MWh |
| 2016 | 3.11 MWh | 3.91 MWh |
| 2017 | 3.55 MWh | 3.91 MWh |
| 2018 | 3.43 MWh | 3.92 MWh |
| 2019 | 3.63 MWh | 4.06 MWh |
| 2020 | 3.64 MWh | 4.10 MWh |
| 2021 | 4.36 MWh | 4.33 MWh |
| 2022 | 4.34 MWh | 3.99 MWh |
| 2023 | 4.32 MWh | 3.85 MWh |
| 2024 | 4.33 MWh | 3.85 MWh |
| 2025 | 4.43 MWh | 4.68 MWh |
Kosovo history · North Macedonia history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.