France vs Indonesia: Electricity Compared
France generated 562 TWh of electricity in 2024 and Indonesia 372 TWh, according to Ember. France's largest source was nuclear (67.7%); Indonesia's was coal (61.5%). Each kWh generated emitted 40 gCO2/kWh in France and 681 gCO2/kWh in Indonesia. These are Ember annual statistics for 2024, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.
Ember's latest annual figures for Indonesia are for 2024, while France has figures to 2025, so this comparison uses 2024 for both.
Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.
Key Facts
- Nuclear supplied 67.7% of France's electricity in 2024, against none in Indonesia.
- Indonesia's electricity was 16.8 times as carbon intensive as France's in 2024, at 681 gCO2/kWh against 40 gCO2/kWh.
- Electricity demand rose 25% in Indonesia between 2019 and 2024, while it fell 7% in France.
- The average person in France used 7.09 MWh of electricity in 2024, 5.4 times as much as in Indonesia (1.31 MWh).
- Low carbon sources supplied 94.9% of France's electricity in 2024 and 18.1% of Indonesia's.
- Electricity demand in 2024 was 472 TWh in France and 373 TWh in Indonesia.
Key Figures, 2024
Ember annual statistics| Measure | France | Indonesia |
|---|---|---|
| Total generation | 562 TWh | 372 TWh |
| Electricity demand | 472 TWh | 373 TWh |
| Demand per person | 7.09 MWh | 1.31 MWh |
| Carbon intensity | 40 gCO2/kWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| Power sector emissions | 22.7 MtCO2 | 253 MtCO2 |
| Low carbon share | 94.9% | 18.1% |
| Largest source | Nuclear 67.7% | Coal 61.5% |
Generation Mix, 2024
Share of generation| Source | France | Indonesia |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear | 67.7% | 0.0% |
| Coal | 0.2% | 61.5% |
| Gas | 3.2% | 18.5% |
| Hydro | 12.7% | 7.3% |
| Wind | 8.1% | 0.1% |
| Bioenergy | 1.9% | 5.7% |
| Other renewables | 0.1% | 4.5% |
| Solar | 4.5% | 0.4% |
| Other fossil | 1.7% | 1.9% |
Carbon Intensity, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh
| Year | France | Indonesia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 104 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1991 | 122 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1992 | 102 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1993 | 69 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1994 | 67 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1995 | 73 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1996 | 79 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1997 | 71 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1998 | 97 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 1999 | 87 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
| 2000 | 80 gCO2/kWh | 631 gCO2/kWh |
| 2001 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 626 gCO2/kWh |
| 2002 | 75 gCO2/kWh | 643 gCO2/kWh |
| 2003 | 81 gCO2/kWh | 656 gCO2/kWh |
| 2004 | 77 gCO2/kWh | 654 gCO2/kWh |
| 2005 | 86 gCO2/kWh | 651 gCO2/kWh |
| 2006 | 77 gCO2/kWh | 668 gCO2/kWh |
| 2007 | 80 gCO2/kWh | 663 gCO2/kWh |
| 2008 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 653 gCO2/kWh |
| 2009 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 661 gCO2/kWh |
| 2010 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 637 gCO2/kWh |
| 2011 | 75 gCO2/kWh | 667 gCO2/kWh |
| 2012 | 78 gCO2/kWh | 687 gCO2/kWh |
| 2013 | 76 gCO2/kWh | 682 gCO2/kWh |
| 2014 | 52 gCO2/kWh | 692 gCO2/kWh |
| 2015 | 59 gCO2/kWh | 697 gCO2/kWh |
| 2016 | 69 gCO2/kWh | 689 gCO2/kWh |
| 2017 | 78 gCO2/kWh | 689 gCO2/kWh |
| 2018 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 684 gCO2/kWh |
| 2019 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 694 gCO2/kWh |
| 2020 | 59 gCO2/kWh | 685 gCO2/kWh |
| 2021 | 60 gCO2/kWh | 685 gCO2/kWh |
| 2022 | 79 gCO2/kWh | 676 gCO2/kWh |
| 2023 | 53 gCO2/kWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| 2024 | 40 gCO2/kWh | 681 gCO2/kWh |
| 2025 | 41 gCO2/kWh | n/a |
Demand per Person, 1990 to 2025
Ember annual statisticsAnnual statistics through 2025, MWh
| Year | France | Indonesia |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | n/a | n/a |
| 1991 | n/a | n/a |
| 1992 | n/a | n/a |
| 1993 | n/a | n/a |
| 1994 | n/a | n/a |
| 1995 | n/a | n/a |
| 1996 | n/a | n/a |
| 1997 | n/a | n/a |
| 1998 | n/a | n/a |
| 1999 | n/a | n/a |
| 2000 | 7.79 MWh | 0.45 MWh |
| 2001 | 7.92 MWh | 0.49 MWh |
| 2002 | 7.86 MWh | 0.51 MWh |
| 2003 | 8.11 MWh | 0.52 MWh |
| 2004 | 8.25 MWh | 0.55 MWh |
| 2005 | 8.26 MWh | 0.58 MWh |
| 2006 | 8.12 MWh | 0.59 MWh |
| 2007 | 8.09 MWh | 0.63 MWh |
| 2008 | 8.27 MWh | 0.65 MWh |
| 2009 | 7.97 MWh | 0.67 MWh |
| 2010 | 8.38 MWh | 0.72 MWh |
| 2011 | 8.02 MWh | 0.77 MWh |
| 2012 | 8.17 MWh | 0.83 MWh |
| 2013 | 8.21 MWh | 0.88 MWh |
| 2014 | 7.72 MWh | 0.92 MWh |
| 2015 | 7.86 MWh | 0.93 MWh |
| 2016 | 7.95 MWh | 0.98 MWh |
| 2017 | 7.90 MWh | 1.00 MWh |
| 2018 | 7.83 MWh | 1.06 MWh |
| 2019 | 7.73 MWh | 1.09 MWh |
| 2020 | 7.32 MWh | 1.07 MWh |
| 2021 | 7.65 MWh | 1.12 MWh |
| 2022 | 7.29 MWh | 1.20 MWh |
| 2023 | 7.05 MWh | 1.25 MWh |
| 2024 | 7.09 MWh | 1.31 MWh |
| 2025 | 7.15 MWh | n/a |
France history · Indonesia history
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2024.