Russia vs Turkey: Electricity Compared

Russia generated 1,194 TWh of electricity in 2025 and Turkey 354 TWh, according to Ember. Russia's largest source was gas (45.6%); Turkey's was coal (34.3%). Each kWh generated emitted 447 gCO2/kWh in Russia and 476 gCO2/kWh in Turkey. These are Ember annual statistics for 2025, compiled from national sources; they are not real time.

Why this comparison: both among the 20 largest electricity users.

Key Facts

Gas supplied 45.6% of Russia's electricity in 2025, against 22.1% in Turkey.
The average person in Russia used 8.17 MWh of electricity in 2025, 2.0 times as much as in Turkey (4.01 MWh).
Low carbon sources supplied 35.7% of Russia's electricity in 2025 and 43.3% of Turkey's.
Electricity demand in 2025 was 1,178 TWh in Russia and 352 TWh in Turkey.

Key Figures, 2025

Ember annual statistics

Measure	Russia	Turkey
Total generation	1,194 TWh	354 TWh
Electricity demand	1,178 TWh	352 TWh
Demand per person	8.17 MWh	4.01 MWh
Carbon intensity	447 gCO2/kWh	476 gCO2/kWh
Power sector emissions	534 MtCO2	168 MtCO2
Low carbon share	35.7%	43.3%
Largest source	Gas 45.6%	Coal 34.3%

Generation Mix, 2025

Share of generation

Source	Russia	Turkey
Gas	45.6%	22.1%
Coal	17.7%	34.3%
Nuclear	18.3%	0.0%
Hydro	16.7%	16.2%
Wind	0.3%	11.1%
Solar	0.2%	10.5%
Other renewables	0.0%	3.0%
Bioenergy	0.1%	2.4%
Other fossil	1.0%	0.3%

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Carbon intensity of electricity generated in Russia and Turkey each year from 1985 to 2025, in gCO2/kWh. In 2025 it was 447 gCO2/kWh in Russia and 476 gCO2/kWh in Turkey.

Annual statistics through 2025, gCO2/kWh

Carbon intensity of electricity in Russia and Turkey, 1985 to 2025
Year	Russia	Turkey
1985	492 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1986	492 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1987	489 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1988	486 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1989	488 gCO2/kWh	n/a
1990	496 gCO2/kWh	526 gCO2/kWh
1991	492 gCO2/kWh	539 gCO2/kWh
1992	483 gCO2/kWh	539 gCO2/kWh
1993	473 gCO2/kWh	481 gCO2/kWh
1994	481 gCO2/kWh	537 gCO2/kWh
1995	477 gCO2/kWh	505 gCO2/kWh
1996	482 gCO2/kWh	496 gCO2/kWh
1997	477 gCO2/kWh	519 gCO2/kWh
1998	482 gCO2/kWh	519 gCO2/kWh
1999	468 gCO2/kWh	557 gCO2/kWh
2000	470 gCO2/kWh	574 gCO2/kWh
2001	458 gCO2/kWh	605 gCO2/kWh
2002	463 gCO2/kWh	536 gCO2/kWh
2003	465 gCO2/kWh	525 gCO2/kWh
2004	454 gCO2/kWh	494 gCO2/kWh
2005	457 gCO2/kWh	544 gCO2/kWh
2006	463 gCO2/kWh	538 gCO2/kWh
2007	458 gCO2/kWh	578 gCO2/kWh
2008	475 gCO2/kWh	593 gCO2/kWh
2009	452 gCO2/kWh	577 gCO2/kWh
2010	458 gCO2/kWh	525 gCO2/kWh
2011	461 gCO2/kWh	541 gCO2/kWh
2012	462 gCO2/kWh	528 gCO2/kWh
2013	450 gCO2/kWh	510 gCO2/kWh
2014	449 gCO2/kWh	567 gCO2/kWh
2015	444 gCO2/kWh	505 gCO2/kWh
2016	443 gCO2/kWh	523 gCO2/kWh
2017	440 gCO2/kWh	535 gCO2/kWh
2018	439 gCO2/kWh	543 gCO2/kWh
2019	440 gCO2/kWh	490 gCO2/kWh
2020	418 gCO2/kWh	484 gCO2/kWh
2021	427 gCO2/kWh	502 gCO2/kWh
2022	443 gCO2/kWh	489 gCO2/kWh
2023	447 gCO2/kWh	495 gCO2/kWh
2024	444 gCO2/kWh	471 gCO2/kWh
2025	447 gCO2/kWh	476 gCO2/kWh

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Ember annual statistics

Electricity demand per person in Russia and Turkey each year from 1985 to 2025, in MWh. In 2025 it was 8.17 MWh in Russia and 4.01 MWh in Turkey.

Annual statistics through 2025, MWh

Electricity demand per person in Russia and Turkey, 1985 to 2025
Year	Russia	Turkey
1985	n/a	n/a
1986	n/a	n/a
1987	n/a	n/a
1988	n/a	n/a
1989	n/a	n/a
1990	n/a	n/a
1991	n/a	n/a
1992	n/a	n/a
1993	n/a	n/a
1994	n/a	n/a
1995	n/a	n/a
1996	n/a	n/a
1997	n/a	n/a
1998	n/a	n/a
1999	n/a	n/a
2000	5.89 MWh	1.95 MWh
2001	5.99 MWh	1.91 MWh
2002	6.02 MWh	1.96 MWh
2003	6.19 MWh	2.07 MWh
2004	6.37 MWh	2.17 MWh
2005	6.51 MWh	2.32 MWh
2006	6.78 MWh	2.49 MWh
2007	6.99 MWh	2.69 MWh
2008	7.11 MWh	2.77 MWh
2009	6.80 MWh	2.68 MWh
2010	7.09 MWh	2.87 MWh
2011	7.17 MWh	3.10 MWh
2012	7.30 MWh	3.22 MWh
2013	7.23 MWh	3.22 MWh
2014	7.29 MWh	3.30 MWh
2015	7.27 MWh	3.32 MWh
2016	7.38 MWh	3.42 MWh
2017	7.39 MWh	3.57 MWh
2018	7.49 MWh	3.55 MWh
2019	7.51 MWh	3.51 MWh
2020	7.34 MWh	3.50 MWh
2021	7.79 MWh	3.76 MWh
2022	7.90 MWh	3.71 MWh
2023	7.99 MWh	3.71 MWh
2024	8.24 MWh	3.89 MWh
2025	8.17 MWh	4.01 MWh

Russia history · Turkey history

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.

Russia vs Turkey: Electricity Compared

Key Facts

Key Figures, 2025

Generation Mix, 2025

Carbon Intensity, 1985 to 2025

Demand per Person, 1985 to 2025

Related