Electricity in Africa
Africa generated 645 TWh of electricity in 2025 across 57 countries with Ember data, led by gas at 38.8% of generation. Egypt was the largest single generator, at 246 TWh. Figures are Ember annual statistics, not real time; most countries report 2025 or 2024. This total is our own sum of the 57 Africa countries in the table below (Ember does not publish one aggregate that matches this exact country list), so it always agrees with that table; see the note under it.
Key Facts
- Africa generated 645 TWh of electricity in 2025 across 57 countries with Ember data.
- Gas was Africa's largest source in 2025, at 38.8%.
Africa's Generation Mix, 2025
| Source | Generation | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Gas | 250 TWh | 38.8% |
| Coal | 225 TWh | 34.9% |
| Hydro | 66.4 TWh | 10.3% |
| Solar | 31.1 TWh | 4.8% |
| Wind | 31.0 TWh | 4.8% |
| Other fossil | 23.3 TWh | 3.6% |
| Nuclear | 10.2 TWh | 1.6% |
| Other renewables | 6.47 TWh | 1.0% |
| Bioenergy | 860 GWh | 0.1% |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Year by Year
Ember annual statistics, 1985 to 2025Annual statistics through 2025, TWh
| Year | Gas | Coal | Hydro | Solar | Wind |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 9.24 TWh | 0 TWh | 9.15 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 1986 | 10.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 8.97 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 1987 | 11.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 8.97 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 1988 | 13.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 8.83 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 1989 | 13.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 9.49 TWh | n/a | 0 TWh |
| 1990 | 16.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 9.95 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1991 | 20.4 TWh | 0 TWh | 9.92 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1992 | 22.9 TWh | 0 TWh | 9.80 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1993 | 26.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 10.1 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1994 | 29.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 10.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1995 | 30.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 11.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1996 | 31.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 11.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1997 | 32.7 TWh | 0 TWh | 11.8 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1998 | 32.5 TWh | 0 TWh | 12.1 TWh | 0 TWh | 0 TWh |
| 1999 | 37.2 TWh | 0 TWh | 13.4 TWh | 0 TWh | 10.0 GWh |
| 2000 | 91.9 TWh | 212 TWh | 74.9 TWh | 0 TWh | 170 GWh |
| 2001 | 101 TWh | 217 TWh | 80.3 TWh | 0 TWh | 420 GWh |
| 2002 | 116 TWh | 225 TWh | 84.6 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 440 GWh |
| 2003 | 124 TWh | 238 TWh | 82.0 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 530 GWh |
| 2004 | 141 TWh | 249 TWh | 86.5 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 760 GWh |
| 2005 | 151 TWh | 251 TWh | 89.5 TWh | 20.0 GWh | 780 GWh |
| 2006 | 164 TWh | 258 TWh | 92.6 TWh | 30.0 GWh | 840 GWh |
| 2007 | 175 TWh | 265 TWh | 95.6 TWh | 30.0 GWh | 1.01 TWh |
| 2008 | 184 TWh | 260 TWh | 96.9 TWh | 40.0 GWh | 1.31 TWh |
| 2009 | 188 TWh | 250 TWh | 101 TWh | 70.0 GWh | 1.60 TWh |
| 2010 | 219 TWh | 260 TWh | 109 TWh | 200 GWh | 2.28 TWh |
| 2011 | 237 TWh | 263 TWh | 112 TWh | 510 GWh | 2.42 TWh |
| 2012 | 264 TWh | 258 TWh | 115 TWh | 890 GWh | 2.59 TWh |
| 2013 | 268 TWh | 254 TWh | 118 TWh | 550 GWh | 3.83 TWh |
| 2014 | 277 TWh | 255 TWh | 124 TWh | 1.86 TWh | 5.17 TWh |
| 2015 | 289 TWh | 255 TWh | 122 TWh | 3.25 TWh | 8.99 TWh |
| 2016 | 309 TWh | 257 TWh | 121 TWh | 4.72 TWh | 11.2 TWh |
| 2017 | 325 TWh | 257 TWh | 126 TWh | 6.78 TWh | 13.4 TWh |
| 2018 | 346 TWh | 265 TWh | 137 TWh | 8.45 TWh | 14.9 TWh |
| 2019 | 362 TWh | 264 TWh | 141 TWh | 11.6 TWh | 19.5 TWh |
| 2020 | 358 TWh | 252 TWh | 148 TWh | 16.6 TWh | 19.1 TWh |
| 2021 | 387 TWh | 249 TWh | 156 TWh | 19.9 TWh | 23.2 TWh |
| 2022 | 394 TWh | 241 TWh | 163 TWh | 24.4 TWh | 24.7 TWh |
| 2023 | 398 TWh | 232 TWh | 160 TWh | 29.9 TWh | 27.7 TWh |
| 2024 | 401 TWh | 245 TWh | 166 TWh | 35.8 TWh | 28.4 TWh |
| 2025 | 250 TWh | 225 TWh | 66.4 TWh | 31.1 TWh | 31.0 TWh |
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Countries in Africa
Search or sort; each country's own latest Ember year| Country | Continent | Generation | Change | Low carbon | Change | Main source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egypt | Africa | 246 TWh | +3.7% | 13.0% | +1.2 pts | Gas |
| South Africa | Africa | 243 TWh | -1.9% | 17.8% | +2.2 pts | Coal |
| Algeria | Africa | 96.4 TWh | +0.5% | 1.1% | +0.1 pts | Gas |
| Morocco | Africa | 44.2 TWh | +4.1% | 23.2% | -1.2 pts | Coal |
| Nigeria | Africa | 42.5 TWh | +13.2% | 32.0% | +7.0 pts | Gas |
| Libya | Africa | 34.6 TWh | +2.5% | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | Gas |
| Ethiopia | Africa | 33.4 TWh | +32.4% | 100.0% | 0.0 pts | Hydro |
| Ghana | Africa | 24.3 TWh | -0.1% | 36.2% | -2.3 pts | Gas |
| Tunisia | Africa | 22.3 TWh | +4.3% | 3.9% | -0.5 pts | Gas |
| Mozambique | Africa | 19.8 TWh | -0.9% | 83.4% | -0.1 pts | Hydro |
| Zambia | Africa | 19.7 TWh | +1.3% | 87.5% | -1.5 pts | Hydro |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Africa | 15.9 TWh | +1.9% | 100.0% | 0.0 pts | Hydro |
| Angola | Africa | 15.6 TWh | -1.0% | 73.7% | -0.3 pts | Hydro |
| Sudan | Africa | 14.8 TWh | +1.8% | 79.7% | -1.3 pts | Hydro |
| Kenya | Africa | 14.1 TWh | +6.0% | 90.1% | -1.4 pts | Other renewables |
| Cote d'Ivoire | Africa | 10.8 TWh | -1.7% | 28.9% | -1.2 pts | Gas |
| Zimbabwe | Africa | 10.3 TWh | +2.7% | 57.1% | +1.0 pts | Hydro |
| Tanzania | Africa | 8.84 TWh | -16.4% | 32.9% | +6.4 pts | Gas |
| Senegal | Africa | 7.63 TWh | -7.0% | 19.8% | +2.8 pts | Other fossil |
| Cameroon | Africa | 7.26 TWh | +0.6% | 73.1% | -0.1 pts | Hydro |
| Mali | Africa | 5.96 TWh | -0.8% | 19.5% | -0.3 pts | Other fossil |
| Uganda | Africa | 5.81 TWh | +0.7% | 97.1% | +0.0 pts | Hydro |
| Republic of the Congo | Africa | 5.46 TWh | +1.9% | 20.9% | -2.6 pts | Gas |
| Guinea | Africa | 4.03 TWh | +0.8% | 75.2% | +0.7 pts | Hydro |
| Botswana | Africa | 3.43 TWh | +6.2% | 0.3% | -0.0 pts | Coal |
| Mauritius | Africa | 3.41 TWh | +4.3% | 17.9% | +0.5 pts | Other fossil |
| Reunion | Africa | 3.07 TWh | +0.3% | 56.7% | +19.1 pts | Bioenergy |
| Gabon | Africa | 2.60 TWh | +0.4% | 35.4% | -0.1 pts | Gas |
| Madagascar | Africa | 2.43 TWh | -2.0% | 42.4% | -1.6 pts | Hydro |
| Mauritania | Africa | 2.07 TWh | -1.0% | 22.7% | +1.2 pts | Other fossil |
| Malawi | Africa | 1.83 TWh | 0.0% | 95.6% | 0.0 pts | Hydro |
| Burkina Faso | Africa | 1.69 TWh | 0.0% | 17.2% | +1.2 pts | Other fossil |
| Namibia | Africa | 1.64 TWh | -13.2% | 97.6% | -0.3 pts | Hydro |
| Equatorial Guinea | Africa | 1.49 TWh | +4.2% | 26.9% | +2.4 pts | Gas |
| Rwanda | Africa | 1.13 TWh | +2.7% | 49.6% | +0.5 pts | Hydro |
| Benin | Africa | 1.01 TWh | +1.0% | 4.0% | +1.0 pts | Gas |
| Niger | Africa | 950 GWh | -2.1% | 3.2% | +1.1 pts | Other fossil |
| Togo | Africa | 710 GWh | 0.0% | 29.6% | +2.8 pts | Gas |
| Seychelles | Africa | 630 GWh | +1.6% | 15.9% | +1.4 pts | Other fossil |
| Eswatini | Africa | 610 GWh | -7.6% | 96.7% | -0.2 pts | Hydro |
| Liberia | Africa | 570 GWh | -6.6% | 54.4% | -3.0 pts | Hydro |
| South Sudan | Africa | 560 GWh | 0.0% | 1.8% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Cabo Verde | Africa | 520 GWh | +4.0% | 30.8% | +2.8 pts | Other fossil |
| Gambia | Africa | 510 GWh | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Burundi | Africa | 490 GWh | -2.0% | 75.5% | -0.5 pts | Hydro |
| Eritrea | Africa | 450 GWh | -8.2% | 11.1% | +0.9 pts | Other fossil |
| Somalia | Africa | 430 GWh | +2.4% | 20.9% | +1.9 pts | Other fossil |
| Chad | Africa | 370 GWh | +2.8% | 5.4% | -0.2 pts | Other fossil |
| Sierra Leone | Africa | 210 GWh | 0.0% | 95.2% | 0.0 pts | Hydro |
| Djibouti | Africa | 200 GWh | 0.0% | 35.0% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Central African Republic | Africa | 140 GWh | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0 pts | Hydro |
| Comoros | Africa | 140 GWh | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Sao Tome and Principe | Africa | 90.0 GWh | 0.0% | 11.1% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Western Sahara | Africa | 90.0 GWh | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Guinea-Bissau | Africa | 80.0 GWh | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | Africa | 10.0 GWh | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | Other fossil |
| Lesotho | Africa | 0 TWh | n/a | 0.0% | 0.0 pts | n/a |
No country matches that search.
Africa's total above is the sum of these 57 countries, so it always matches this table. Countries are grouped the same way as the Africa section of /countries/. Ember also publishes its own regional aggregates, but its groupings do not line up with this continent list (for example its "North America" aggregate holds only 3 countries, and it has no aggregate at all for South America), so we sum the countries ourselves instead of using them here.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.
Cleanest Grids in Africa
Among countries generating at least 10 TWh, ranked by low carbon share| Rank | Country | Generation | Low carbon share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Democratic Republic of the Congo (2024) | 15.9 TWh | 100.0% |
| 2 | Ethiopia (2025) | 33.4 TWh | 100.0% |
| 3 | Kenya (2025) | 14.1 TWh | 90.1% |
| 4 | Zambia (2024) | 19.7 TWh | 87.5% |
| 5 | Mozambique (2024) | 19.8 TWh | 83.4% |
| 6 | Sudan (2024) | 14.8 TWh | 79.7% |
| 7 | Angola (2024) | 15.6 TWh | 73.7% |
| 8 | Zimbabwe (2024) | 10.3 TWh | 57.1% |
| 9 | Ghana (2024) | 24.3 TWh | 36.2% |
| 10 | Nigeria (2025) | 42.5 TWh | 32.0% |
| 11 | Cote d'Ivoire (2024) | 10.8 TWh | 28.9% |
| 12 | Morocco (2025) | 44.2 TWh | 23.2% |
| 13 | South Africa (2025) | 243 TWh | 17.8% |
| 14 | Egypt (2025) | 246 TWh | 13.0% |
| 15 | Tunisia (2025) | 22.3 TWh | 3.9% |
Low carbon sources are nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, bioenergy, geothermal and other renewables. Countries generating under 10 TWh in 2025 are left out, the same floor /records/ uses.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025.