Electricity in December 2024: Demand Up 2.8% on December 2023
Demand in the 86 countries with data for both December 2024 and December 2023 was 2,405 TWh in December 2024, up 2.8% on December 2023. Those 86 countries cover 92% of world electricity demand (measured on 2025 demand), so this is a review of the reporting countries, not a world total. Low carbon sources supplied 41.1% of their generation in December 2024.
December 2024 at a Glance
86 countries, Ember monthlyDemand, 86 countries2,405 TWhup 2.8% on December 2023
Low carbon share41.1%up 1.5 points on December 2023
Solar and wind share16.3%
Share of world demand92%86 countries, 2025 basis
Key Facts
- Demand in the 86 countries with data for both December 2024 and December 2023 was 2,405 TWh in December 2024, up 2.8% on December 2023.
- Those 86 countries cover 92% of world electricity demand (measured on 2025 demand), so this is a review of the reporting countries, not a world total.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 41.1% of generation in these countries in December 2024, up 1.5 points on December 2023.
- Solar supplied 5.9% and wind 10.3% of their generation in December 2024.
- Their generation weighted carbon intensity was 490 gCO2/kWh in December 2024, against 504 gCO2/kWh in December 2023.
- Among large reporters, Sweden had the lowest carbon intensity in December 2024 (22 gCO2/kWh) and Kazakhstan the highest (833 gCO2/kWh).
Demand Through 2024 Against 2023
same 86 countries, TWh per monthEmber monthly statistics through December 2024
| Month | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2,343 TWh | 2,208 TWh |
| Feb | 2,163 TWh | 2,009 TWh |
| Mar | 2,239 TWh | 2,175 TWh |
| Apr | 2,109 TWh | 2,014 TWh |
| May | 2,221 TWh | 2,105 TWh |
| Jun | 2,313 TWh | 2,192 TWh |
| Jul | 2,546 TWh | 2,438 TWh |
| Aug | 2,549 TWh | 2,449 TWh |
| Sep | 2,311 TWh | 2,217 TWh |
| Oct | 2,217 TWh | 2,148 TWh |
| Nov | 2,202 TWh | 2,160 TWh |
| Dec | 2,405 TWh | 2,340 TWh |
Biggest Movers, December 2024 Against December 2023
countries generating at least 3 TWh in both monthsDemand rose most
| Country | Change | Demand |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Bangladesh | +31.1% | 4.99 TWh to 6.54 TWh |
| 2. Pakistan | +16.1% | 8.61 TWh to 10.0 TWh |
| 3. Oman | +13.5% | 2.67 TWh to 3.03 TWh |
| 4. Turkey | +8.2% | 27.5 TWh to 29.7 TWh |
| 5. Canada | +7.5% | 55.7 TWh to 59.9 TWh |
Demand fell most
| Country | Change | Demand |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Sweden | -7.7% | 14.0 TWh to 12.9 TWh |
| 2. Norway | -7.4% | 14.6 TWh to 13.5 TWh |
| 3. Bulgaria | -4.8% | 3.72 TWh to 3.54 TWh |
| 4. Belarus | -4.2% | 4.03 TWh to 3.86 TWh |
| 5. Finland | -2.8% | 8.53 TWh to 8.29 TWh |
Solar share rose most
| Country | Change | Share of generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Pakistan | +10.4 points | 12.7% to 23.1% of generation |
| 2. Portugal | +8.2 points | 7.1% to 15.3% of generation |
| 3. Chile | +4.4 points | 24.2% to 28.6% of generation |
| 4. Australia | +3.7 points | 23.9% to 27.6% of generation |
| 5. Spain | +2.9 points | 9.8% to 12.8% of generation |
Wind share rose most
| Country | Change | Share of generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Finland | +16.4 points | 15.7% to 32.1% of generation |
| 2. Sweden | +15.2 points | 19.4% to 34.6% of generation |
| 3. Portugal | +6.2 points | 31.7% to 37.8% of generation |
| 4. Taiwan | +4.1 points | 4.3% to 8.5% of generation |
| 5. Romania | +4.1 points | 13.0% to 17.1% of generation |
Carbon intensity fell most
| Country | Change | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New Zealand | -62.7% | 122 gCO2/kWh to 45 gCO2/kWh |
| 2. Finland | -27.4% | 121 gCO2/kWh to 88 gCO2/kWh |
| 3. Pakistan | -24.6% | 383 gCO2/kWh to 289 gCO2/kWh |
| 4. Sweden | -19.2% | 28 gCO2/kWh to 22 gCO2/kWh |
| 5. Denmark | -17.7% | 208 gCO2/kWh to 171 gCO2/kWh |
Carbon intensity rose most
| Country | Change | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Portugal | +47.2% | 101 gCO2/kWh to 149 gCO2/kWh |
| 2. Austria | +46.0% | 109 gCO2/kWh to 160 gCO2/kWh |
| 3. Spain | +44.2% | 126 gCO2/kWh to 181 gCO2/kWh |
| 4. Serbia | +26.8% | 606 gCO2/kWh to 768 gCO2/kWh |
| 5. Netherlands | +15.5% | 263 gCO2/kWh to 304 gCO2/kWh |
Cleanest and Dirtiest Grids, December 2024
large reporters, gCO2/kWhLowest carbon intensity
| Country | Carbon intensity | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Sweden | 22 gCO2/kWh | 16.0 TWh generated |
| 2. Norway | 27 gCO2/kWh | 15.5 TWh generated |
| 3. France | 39 gCO2/kWh | 51.5 TWh generated |
| 4. New Zealand | 45 gCO2/kWh | 3.21 TWh generated |
| 5. Switzerland | 56 gCO2/kWh | 5.78 TWh generated |
| 6. Finland | 88 gCO2/kWh | 8.41 TWh generated |
| 7. Brazil | 97 gCO2/kWh | 63.6 TWh generated |
| 8. Portugal | 149 gCO2/kWh | 3.33 TWh generated |
Highest carbon intensity
| Country | Carbon intensity | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Kazakhstan | 833 gCO2/kWh | 11.2 TWh generated |
| 2. Serbia | 768 gCO2/kWh | 3.17 TWh generated |
| 3. Bangladesh | 750 gCO2/kWh | 5.59 TWh generated |
| 4. Poland | 708 gCO2/kWh | 14.7 TWh generated |
| 5. India | 698 gCO2/kWh | 143 TWh generated |
| 6. South Africa | 689 gCO2/kWh | 19.0 TWh generated |
| 7. Iran | 670 gCO2/kWh | 27.2 TWh generated |
| 8. Morocco | 653 gCO2/kWh | 3.53 TWh generated |
Largest Reporters by Demand, December 2024
| Country | Demand | On December 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 1. China | 892 TWh | +2.7% |
| 2. United States | 368 TWh | +4.2% |
| 3. India | 142 TWh | +6.8% |
| 4. Russia | 112 TWh | -1.0% |
| 5. Japan | 81.3 TWh | +0.4% |
| 6. Brazil | 63.7 TWh | -1.3% |
| 7. Canada | 59.9 TWh | +7.5% |
| 8. South Korea | 51.8 TWh | -0.6% |
How This Month Is Measured
- Coverage. 86 countries reported December 2024. 86 of them also have December 2023, and those 86 are the like for like set behind every figure above. Together they made up 92% of world demand in 2025. A month is published only when at least 10 countries and 60% of world demand are covered.
- Not a world total. These sums cover the reporting countries only.
- Carbon intensity. The figure for the group weights each country's monthly intensity by its generation; country rankings use Ember's own monthly intensity.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of December 2024. Ember monthly statistics.