Electricity in December 2025: Demand Up 2.8% on December 2024
Demand in the 82 countries with data for both December 2025 and December 2024 was 2,408 TWh in December 2025, up 2.8% on December 2024. Those 82 countries cover 90% of world electricity demand (measured on 2025 demand), so this is a review of the reporting countries, not a world total. Low carbon sources supplied 43.3% of their generation in December 2025.
December 2025 at a Glance
82 countries, Ember monthlyDemand, 82 countries2,408 TWhup 2.8% on December 2024
Low carbon share43.3%up 1.7 points on December 2024
Solar and wind share18.4%
Share of world demand90%82 countries, 2025 basis
Key Facts
- Demand in the 82 countries with data for both December 2025 and December 2024 was 2,408 TWh in December 2025, up 2.8% on December 2024.
- Those 82 countries cover 90% of world electricity demand (measured on 2025 demand), so this is a review of the reporting countries, not a world total.
- Low carbon sources (nuclear and renewables) supplied 43.3% of generation in these countries in December 2025, up 1.7 points on December 2024.
- Solar supplied 7.4% and wind 11.0% of their generation in December 2025.
- Their generation weighted carbon intensity was 473 gCO2/kWh in December 2025, against 488 gCO2/kWh in December 2024.
- Among large reporters, Sweden had the lowest carbon intensity in December 2025 (25 gCO2/kWh) and Kazakhstan the highest (839 gCO2/kWh).
Demand Through 2025 Against 2024
same 82 countries, TWh per monthEmber monthly statistics through December 2025
| Month | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2,360 TWh | 2,284 TWh |
| Feb | 2,125 TWh | 2,107 TWh |
| Mar | 2,255 TWh | 2,179 TWh |
| Apr | 2,102 TWh | 2,043 TWh |
| May | 2,176 TWh | 2,146 TWh |
| Jun | 2,299 TWh | 2,230 TWh |
| Jul | 2,564 TWh | 2,462 TWh |
| Aug | 2,516 TWh | 2,465 TWh |
| Sep | 2,292 TWh | 2,233 TWh |
| Oct | 2,235 TWh | 2,147 TWh |
| Nov | 2,198 TWh | 2,134 TWh |
| Dec | 2,408 TWh | 2,343 TWh |
Biggest Movers, December 2025 Against December 2024
countries generating at least 3 TWh in both monthsDemand rose most
| Country | Change | Demand |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Pakistan | +17.5% | 10.0 TWh to 11.8 TWh |
| 2. Ecuador | +15.5% | 2.90 TWh to 3.35 TWh |
| 3. Argentina | +12.9% | 12.0 TWh to 13.5 TWh |
| 4. Nigeria | +11.0% | 2.81 TWh to 3.12 TWh |
| 5. India | +7.8% | 142 TWh to 153 TWh |
Demand fell most
| Country | Change | Demand |
|---|---|---|
| 1. South Africa | -6.7% | 18.3 TWh to 17.1 TWh |
| 2. Netherlands | -5.4% | 11.0 TWh to 10.4 TWh |
| 3. Greece | -2.2% | 4.05 TWh to 3.96 TWh |
| 4. Austria | -1.9% | 6.33 TWh to 6.21 TWh |
| 5. France | -1.7% | 44.9 TWh to 44.2 TWh |
Solar share rose most
| Country | Change | Share of generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Pakistan | +5.6 points | 23.1% to 28.7% of generation |
| 2. Bulgaria | +4.3 points | 5.2% to 9.6% of generation |
| 3. India | +3.8 points | 8.8% to 12.6% of generation |
| 4. Switzerland | +3.3 points | 2.2% to 5.5% of generation |
| 5. Thailand | +3.1 points | 3.3% to 6.4% of generation |
Wind share rose most
| Country | Change | Share of generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Belgium | +3.2 points | 24.6% to 27.9% of generation |
| 2. Australia | +2.9 points | 12.6% to 15.5% of generation |
| 3. Denmark | +1.7 points | 65.8% to 67.5% of generation |
| 4. United States | +1.3 points | 10.8% to 12.1% of generation |
| 5. South Africa | +1.3 points | 4.8% to 6.2% of generation |
Carbon intensity fell most
| Country | Change | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Colombia | -55.5% | 276 gCO2/kWh to 123 gCO2/kWh |
| 2. Portugal | -26.6% | 149 gCO2/kWh to 110 gCO2/kWh |
| 3. Finland | -21.5% | 88 gCO2/kWh to 69 gCO2/kWh |
| 4. Denmark | -14.7% | 171 gCO2/kWh to 146 gCO2/kWh |
| 5. South Africa | -12.0% | 689 gCO2/kWh to 606 gCO2/kWh |
Carbon intensity rose most
| Country | Change | Carbon intensity |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Peru | +50.0% | 190 gCO2/kWh to 285 gCO2/kWh |
| 2. Chile | +32.2% | 182 gCO2/kWh to 241 gCO2/kWh |
| 3. Switzerland | +19.8% | 56 gCO2/kWh to 67 gCO2/kWh |
| 4. Belgium | +19.8% | 165 gCO2/kWh to 198 gCO2/kWh |
| 5. Canada | +14.3% | 172 gCO2/kWh to 197 gCO2/kWh |
Cleanest and Dirtiest Grids, December 2025
large reporters, gCO2/kWhLowest carbon intensity
| Country | Carbon intensity | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Sweden | 25 gCO2/kWh | 16.7 TWh generated |
| 2. Norway | 27 gCO2/kWh | 15.4 TWh generated |
| 3. France | 40 gCO2/kWh | 54.8 TWh generated |
| 4. New Zealand | 44 gCO2/kWh | 3.20 TWh generated |
| 5. Switzerland | 67 gCO2/kWh | 4.69 TWh generated |
| 6. Finland | 69 gCO2/kWh | 8.06 TWh generated |
| 7. Brazil | 102 gCO2/kWh | 65.6 TWh generated |
| 8. Portugal | 110 gCO2/kWh | 4.13 TWh generated |
Highest carbon intensity
| Country | Carbon intensity | Generation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Kazakhstan | 839 gCO2/kWh | 12.0 TWh generated |
| 2. Bangladesh | 769 gCO2/kWh | 5.53 TWh generated |
| 3. Serbia | 729 gCO2/kWh | 3.23 TWh generated |
| 4. Poland | 708 gCO2/kWh | 14.3 TWh generated |
| 5. India | 678 gCO2/kWh | 154 TWh generated |
| 6. Morocco | 659 gCO2/kWh | 3.40 TWh generated |
| 7. Malaysia | 629 gCO2/kWh | 16.0 TWh generated |
| 8. Taiwan | 618 gCO2/kWh | 22.3 TWh generated |
Largest Reporters by Demand, December 2025
| Country | Demand | On December 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 1. China | 913 TWh | +2.4% |
| 2. United States | 387 TWh | +5.1% |
| 3. India | 153 TWh | +7.8% |
| 4. Russia | 112 TWh | -0.7% |
| 5. Japan | 80.9 TWh | -0.4% |
| 6. Brazil | 65.6 TWh | +3.0% |
| 7. Canada | 62.7 TWh | +4.7% |
| 8. South Korea | 51.7 TWh | -0.2% |
How This Month Is Measured
- Coverage. 82 countries reported December 2025. 82 of them also have December 2024, and those 82 are the like for like set behind every figure above. Together they made up 90% of world demand in 2025. A month is published only when at least 10 countries and 60% of world demand are covered.
- Not a world total. These sums cover the reporting countries only.
- Carbon intensity. The figure for the group weights each country's monthly intensity by its generation; country rankings use Ember's own monthly intensity.
Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of December 2025. Ember monthly statistics.