Built 2026-09-20 (20 September 2026)

Portugal Cut Carbon Intensity Most, Down 69.1% Since 2015

Portugal cut the carbon intensity of its electricity by 69.1% between 2015 and 2025 (414 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 128 gCO2/kWh in 2025). Finland (68.5%), Denmark (68.2%) and Ecuador (54.1%) follow. 67 countries generating at least 10 TWh cut their intensity over the decade.

Top 20, 2025

Carbon intensity
Biggest Cuts in Carbon Intensity, 2015 to 2025: top 20
CountryFall since 2015Carbon intensity
1. Portugal69.1%414 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 128 gCO2/kWh in 2025
2. Finland68.5%182 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 57 gCO2/kWh in 2025
3. Denmark68.2%314 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 100 gCO2/kWh in 2025
4. Ecuador54.1%346 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 159 gCO2/kWh in 2025
5. Netherlands54.0%551 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 254 gCO2/kWh in 2025
6. Spain53.3%328 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 153 gCO2/kWh in 2025
7. Kyrgyzstan52.9%154 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 73 gCO2/kWh in 2025
8. Slovakia46.6%178 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 95 gCO2/kWh in 2025
9. Greece46.2%604 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 325 gCO2/kWh in 2025
10. Hungary45.5%298 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 163 gCO2/kWh in 2025
11. United Kingdom45.1%398 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 218 gCO2/kWh in 2025
12. Bulgaria44.3%494 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 275 gCO2/kWh in 2025
13. Croatia42.6%275 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 158 gCO2/kWh in 2025
14. Brazil41.8%189 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 110 gCO2/kWh in 2025
15. Belgium41.6%215 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 126 gCO2/kWh in 2025
16. Chile41.1%493 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 291 gCO2/kWh in 2025
17. Slovenia40.5%317 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 188 gCO2/kWh in 2025
18. Ireland40.2%440 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 263 gCO2/kWh in 2025
19. Belarus37.8%507 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 315 gCO2/kWh in 2025
20. New Zealand35.1%143 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 93 gCO2/kWh in 2025

Countries that generated at least 10 TWh in 2025, 79 in this data. Smaller grids are left out so a tiny system does not top every list. Both 2015 and 2025 need a valid, positive carbon intensity.

How the Leaders Got Here

2010 to 2025
Carbon intensity of electricity, five biggest cuts Carbon intensity of electricity, five biggest cuts, 2010 to 2025. Portugal ends at 127.8%; Finland ends at 57.2%; Denmark ends at 99.9%; Ecuador ends at 158.8%; Netherlands ends at 253.7%. 0 150 300 450 600 2010201520202025
Carbon intensity of electricity, five biggest cuts, 2010 to 2025. Portugal ends at 127.8%; Finland ends at 57.2%; Denmark ends at 99.9%; Ecuador ends at 158.8%; Netherlands ends at 253.7%.
Annual statistics, 2010 to 2025
Carbon intensity of electricity, five biggest cuts
YearPortugalFinlandDenmarkEcuadorNetherlands
2010317.2%314.9%540.3%390.0%478.2%
2011375.2%268.1%486.7%325.5%472.4%
2012441.0%215.2%431.4%330.1%494.5%
2013340.3%257.5%472.6%368.8%500.6%
2014325.7%226.6%400.2%369.3%521.4%
2015413.9%182.0%313.7%345.8%551.5%
2016343.9%199.7%360.7%288.7%524.6%
2017433.7%186.3%282.5%201.3%489.8%
2018358.9%193.5%297.1%210.1%467.1%
2019300.8%171.5%204.2%171.7%410.0%
2020248.2%130.5%188.7%159.5%342.9%
2021210.7%135.7%223.1%149.1%351.9%
2022225.0%129.9%203.8%181.4%325.7%
2023158.5%81.4%152.6%195.8%268.2%
2024110.6%66.9%132.2%203.7%250.8%
2025127.8%57.2%99.9%158.8%253.7%

Key Facts

  • Portugal cut its carbon intensity by 69.1%, from 414 gCO2/kWh in 2015 to 128 gCO2/kWh in 2025.
  • Finland was second, down 68.5% since 2015.
  • The world's carbon intensity was 459 gCO2/kWh in 2025.

Source: Ember (ember-energy.org), licensed under CC BY 4.0. Data as of 2025. Annual statistics from Ember.